Contents

PART I Introduction 1

1 The global context of Japan outside Japan 3

HARUMI BEFU

• Human dispersal 5
• Nonpermanent sojourners 5
• Permanent sojourners 6
• Exploiting the cultural capital 9
• Organizational transplant 10
• Cultural diffusion 13
• Imagining of Japan 15
• Interrelationships among the four categories 18
• Conclusion: center-periphery 19

PART II Human dispersal 23

2 Objects, city, and wandering: the invisibility of the Japanese in France 25

KAZUHIKO YATABE

• A cultural migration 29
• An individual and temporary migration 30

PART III Organizational transplant 41

3 Positioning "globalization" at overseas subsidiaries of Japanese multinational corporations 43

MITCHELL W. SEDGWICK

• Coping with complexity on a large scale 43
• The political economy of Japan's globalization 44
• The "globalization" of Japanese managers: from the macro to the micro 45
• Positioning globalization 48
• Conclusion 49

4 Japanese businesswomen of Yaohan Hong Kong: toward a diversified globalization of a Japanese "ethnoscape" 52

DIXON HEUNG WAH WONG

• The cultural model of Japanese female workers 53
• Differences between supermarkets and department stores 54
• Yaohan as a regional supermarket 55
• Yaohan's arrival in Hong Kong 56
• Yaohan's staff recruitment strategy 57
• Yaohan's female employees going overseas 59
• Response of female workers 60
• Conclusion 66

5 Neverland lost: judo cultures in Austria, Japan, and elsewhere struggling for cultural hegemony at the Vienna Budokan 69

SABINE FRÜHSTÜCK AND
WOLFRAM MANZENREITER

• Territorialization of Japanese judo culture 71
• Self-colonization: seeing the difference 76
• Universalization: the national and the transnational 81
• Conclusion: Japan outside Japan? 86

6 Soka Gakkai in Germany: the story of a qualified success 94

SANDA IONESCU

• Who does the defining? 97
• What is the purpose? 100
• Parameters 101
• Conclusion 104

PART IV Cultural diffusion 109

7 Japanese comics coming to Hong Kong 111

CHERRY SZE-LING LAI AND
DIXON HEUNG WAH WONG

• Comics in Japan 111
• Some history of comics in Hong Kong 113
• The general images of comics in Hong Kong: the politics of everyday life 115
• Japanese comics coming to Hong Kong 116
• The effect of Japanese comics on local comic culture 118
• Conclusion 119

8 Japanese popular music in Hong Kong: analysis of global/local cultural relations 121

MASASHI OGAWA

• Hong Kong pop music history 121
• Globalization in Hong Kong popular music history 126

9 Global culture in question: contemporary Japanese photography in America 131

JULIA ADENEY THOMAS

• Hiroshi Sugimoto 133
• Toshio Shibata 137
• Yasumasa Morimura 141
• Conclusion 144

PART V Images 151

10 A collision of discourses: Japanese and Hong Kong Chinese during the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands crisis 153

GORDON MATHEWS

• The Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands dispute: a brief history 153
• Japanese tourists in the midst of the dispute 156
• Japanese residents of Hong Kong in the midst of the dispute 158
• Hong Kong Chinese activists in the midst of the dispute 160
• A complex of motives 162
• Positions, interests, cultures, and discourses 165
• Capitalism and nationalism as world discourses 168
• Conclusion: the shadows of history 170

11 Images of the Japanese welfare state 176

ROGER GOODMAN

• The construction of positive views of Japanese welfare 179
• Conclusion 185

12 Consuming the modern: globalization, things Japanese, and the politics of cultural identity in Korea 194

SEUNG-MI HAN

• Learning from the enviable enemy: the coexistence of desire and enmity in Korean perceptions of Japan 195
• Globalization and the regulation of Japanese popular culture in Korea 197
• Transnational public, hybrid identity, and the "unfinished project" of modernity in Korea 200
• Postscript: the Asian financial crisis, regime change, and the logical similarity in the debates on Comfort Women and Japanese popular culture 202
• Postscript 2: the perspectives of Koreans in Japan 204

13 Japan through French eyes: "the ephemeral" as a cultural production 209

SYLVIE GUICHARD-ANGUIS

• Japanese Days, Japanese Weeks, or Year of Japan in France: from origami to matsuri 210
• Sister cities and international relations 214
• Japan and "the ephemeral" as a cultural production 216

14 The Yamatodamashi of the Takasago volunteers of Taiwan: a reading of the postcolonial situation 222

CHIH-HUEI HUANG

• The last returning imperial soldier 223
• Memories recalled and testimonies proffered 225
• History, texts, and authors 235
• Battlefield trick: reversal and elevation in the hierarchy 240
• Postcolonial situation after dual colonialism - forms of resistance 242
• Conclusion: the reality and illusion of the Yamatodamashi 245

Index 251