Peace Testimony Archives

Swarthmore College Peace Collection
Friends Historical Library of Swarthmore College
Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081
USA
(610) 328-8557

Archival collections are listed alphabetically below;
see notes under each collection for restrictions, microfilm availability,
and online finding aids

Founded in Philadelphia in 1966 to apply nonviolent direct action as a witness against the war in Vietnam; not an official body of the Society of Friends; in 1971 transformed into Movement for a New Society. Officially named "A Quaker Action Group,” nicknamed "AQAG.” The photo below shows the crew of the first Phoenix voyage to North Vietnam to deliver medical supplies. Left to right: Phil Drath, Betty Boardman, Earle Reynolds, Akie Reynolds, Bob Eaton, Horace Champney, Ivan Massar.

Minutes; correspondence (1966-1971); memoranda; financial records; subject files concerning organizations including Beheiren (Japan Peace for Vietnam Committee), Fifth Avenue Peace Parade Committee, Poor People's Campaign, Students for a Democratic Society, and Vietnam Moratorium Committee; project files including material relating to Cuba Project, Culebra Project (Culebra, P.R.), Panama Project (Fort Gulick, Canal Zone), and Phoenix (pictured above) and Vietnam projects; research files providing information on black liberation, chemical and biological warfare, draft resistance, human rights, nuclear radiation, peace movements in other countries, and war tax resistance; newsletters; press releases; statements of Quaker yearly meetings in various cities; clippings; sound recordings; and photos. Materials relating to the voyages of the Phoenix to North and South Vietnam with medical supplies include correspondence of the crews, clippings and scrapbooks, still photos, 16 mm. films including Voyage of the Phoenix, North Vietnamese photos, and mementoes of the trip.

Correspondents include Elizabeth J. Boardman, John Worth Braxton, Harrison Butterworth, Horace Champney, Jerry D. Coffin, Christopher Cowley, Phillip Drath, Robert Whittington Eaton, Roderick Ede, Ross Flanagan, Nicola Geiger, Walton Geiger, Robert Horton, Donald Kalish, George Lakey, Kenneth Lee, Samuel Legg, Robert E. Levering, Bradford Lyttle, Ivan E. Massar, William R. Mimms, Roger Moody, Beryl Herbert Nelson, Patricia Parkman, Earle L. Reynolds, Lawrence Scott, Lynne Shivers, Glenn E. Smiley, Charles C. Walker, Emlyn Warren, George Willoughby, J. Duncan Wood, and Carl P. Zietlow.

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LOCATION: Peace Collection: Archives, DG074.

Irwin Abrams; born in San Francisco, Calif.; leading authority on the history of the Nobel Peace Prize; theorist and practitioner of international education; Quaker; retired as Distinguished University Professor Emeritus at Antioch University in Yellow Springs, Ohio.

Includes biographical and bibliographical information and photocopies of a small portion of Abrams’ published writings, including material about the Nobel Peace Prize, women Nobel Peace Prize winners, the Quaker peace testimony and the Nobel Peace Prize, Henri La Fontaine, and Carl von Ossietzky.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of Irwin Abrams papers; they are deposited with the Hoover Institution at Stanford University.

Ailanthus, a nonviolent witness for peace; active between 1979 and ca. 1990 in the Cambridge (Mass.) area; a nonviolent peace community, grounded in Christian nonviolence, Gandhi's model of nonviolent resistance, and the witness of James Douglass, radical Catholic theologian/peace activist; Ailanthus membership was composed mainly of Quakers and Roman Catholics; met at Boston's Catholic Worker House; conducted weekly nonviolent peace vigils at the Draper Laboratory in Cambridge (Mass.) where first-strike weapons such as Cruise, MX Trident, and "Star Wars" technology were developed.

Collection is primarily printed material; includes flyers, notes from meetings, newspaper clippings, photographs, banners, legal briefs, publicity materials, and reference files. Also includes a memoir by Robert W. Hillegass about the making of the play "Handy Dandy" by William Gibson.

Horace Alexander; born in Croyden, England; life-long member of the Society of Friends(Quakers); graduated with honors in history from Kings College, Cambridge University; director of Woodbrooke College, Birmingham, England; served as advisor to Mohandas K. Gandhi; wrote and published extensively about India; worked throughout the world for Indian rights; d. 1989, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, USA.

Mainly correspondence relating to Alexander's interest in India; includes published and unpublished writings including a small amount about Alexander's bird-watching hobby; includes information about the Friends Ambulance Unit in India, the Fellowship of Friends of Truth (India), and the World Peace Brigade for Nonviolent Action (England). Originals were sent by the Swarthmore College Peace Collection to Friends House Library in London, England. The Peace Collection holds an extensive collection of books about Mahatma Gandhi and India from the library of Horace Alexander.

Devere Allen; author, editor, journalist and lecturer; advocate of internationalist pacifism; influential member and officer of the

U.S.

Socialist Party in the 1930s; genealogist; recorder of Rhode Island history and lore.

Correspondence, biographical material, published and unpublished manuscripts, notes for speeches, reference files, clippings, photos, and other papers, including correspondence relating to Allen's tenure as managing editor and editor of The World Tomorrow; correspondence, business and financial records, operational files, serial publications, news releases, clippings, and other records of Nofrontier News Service (1933-1941) and Worldover Press (1942-1955); correspondence and financial and membership records of Young Democracy and files of its publication Young Democracy (1919-1922); extensive correspondence and other papers relating to his work with the Socialist Party (U.S.) in the 1930s including his involvement in Connecticut politics, especially the Labor Party of Connecticut; and correspondence with and materials about organizations in which Allen was interested, including American Committee for the Defense of Leon Trotsky, the American Friends Service Committee, American League Against War and Fascism, Emergency Peace Campaign, Fellowship of Reconciliation, Labour and Socialist International, Keep America Out of War Congress, League for Independent Political Action, the Swarthmore College Peace Collection, War Resisters' International, War Resisters League, and the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (U.S. Section). Reference files include information about pacifism, United States and international peace movements, conscientious objection, conscription, war resistance, the Cold War, the history of the peace movement, neutrality, peace bibliography, Elihu Burritt, and Pierre Ceresole. Also includes information about and photographs of Devere Allen's ancestor Horatio Allen, who was associated with engineering of early locomotives, including the "Stourbridge Lion.” Correspondents include: Friedrich Adler, Gertrude Baer, Emily Greene Balch, Roger Baldwin, Russel O. Berg, Landrum Bolling, Heloise Brainerd, Ellen Starr Brinton, Vera Brittain, Fenner Brockway, Pearl Buck, Corder Catchpool, Carrie Chapman Catt, E. Dixwell Chase, A. Sprague Coolidge, Merle Curti, Dorothy Detzer, John Dewey, Camille Drevet, W.E.B. DuBois, John Foster Dulles, Albert Einstein, H.C. Engelbrecht, Dorothy Canfield Fisher, Lella Secor Florence, A. Ruth Fry, Marcus Garvey, Anna M. Graves, Philip Gray, Richard Gregg, Alfred Hassler, John Hayes Holmes, JessieWallace Hughan, Dorothy H. Hunt, Grace Hutchins, Samuel Guy Inman, Rufus Jones, David Starr Jordan, Abraham Kaufman, Muriel Lester, Alfred Baker Lewis, Frederick Libby, A.J. Muste, Tracy Mygatt, Ray Newton, Reinhold Niebuhr, Anna T. Nilsson, Mildred Scott Olmsted, Kirby Page, Arthur Ponsonby, Mercedes Randall, Charles Raven, Reginald Reynolds, Anna Rochester, Eleanor Roosevelt, Robert Root, Bayard Rustin, John Nevin Sayre, Rosika Schwimmer, Vida Scudder, Clarence Senior, John Swomley, Norman Thomas, Magda Trocme, Caroline Urie, Oswald G. Villard, Howard Y. Williams, E. Raymond Wilson, William Worthy, and Art Young.

Allen, William Charles, 1857-1938.
Collection, 1895-1937; bulk, 1913-1937.
10.5 linear in.

William Allen; born in Chester County, Pennsylvania; member of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting (Arch Street) of the Society of Friends; lived also in San Jose, California and Denver Colorado; deeply opposed to war; wrote about problems of propaganda, imperialism, censorship, and the munitions industry; established the Peace Committee of the Churches of the Pacific Coast.

Collection consists of biographical information, correspondence, transcripts of his journals and war diary, manuscript articles, published pamphlets, manuscripts of his book International Anarchy in Action, and reference material.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

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LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: U.S.

Alternatives to Violence Project
Alternatives to Violence Project records, 1982-
1 box (1.5 in.)

Grew out of The Quaker Project on Community Conflict’s non-violence training program in New York prisons; incorporated 1980; affiliated with New York Yearly Meeting.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of the Alternatives to Violence Project

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups:

U.S., Friends Historical Library: Pamphlet Group 3

American Committee for Relief of German Children
Collected records, 1924.
1 linear in.

American Committee for Relief of German Children; began ca. 1923; charged solely with fund-raising; worked in cooperation with the American Friends Service Committee, which undertook the task of administering post-war relief to German children, without accepting funds to defray its costs; although the Final Report of the Committee was issued in 1924, the AFSC continued its feeding program of German children beyond that year.

Includes Final Report (1924) and one poster: "We Must Not Let Them Starve" [n.d.]

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

American Friends Conference on Race Relations
(Wilmington, Ohio : August 31-September 3, 1956 and Westtown, Pennsylvania, August 29-September 1, 1958)

1 folder (.25 in.)

Sought equity between races in the Society of Friends as well as in the world at large; focused primarily on relationships between Americans of European and African descent; included some discussion of North-South tensions within the Society of Friends.

American Friends' Peace Conference (1901 : Philadelphia , Pa. )
Collection, 1901.
1 linear in.

This conference was organized by Benjamin F. Trueblood, Secretary of the American Peace Society, and attended by twelve hundred Friends from both branches of Philadelphia Friends and Five Years Meeting. Papers were read by leading members of the Society.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

American Friends Service Committee international service reference files
Friends International Service Reference Files, 1916-1944.
15 boxes ; 7.5 linear feet.

The American Friends Service Committee (AFSC) was founded in 1917 to provide conscientious objectors with an opportunity to aid civilian victims during World War I. Today the AFSC sponsors programs that focus on issues related to economic justice, peace-building and demilitarization, social justice, and youth in the United States, Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. These reference files were collected and assembled by the American Friends Service Committee to keep it informed of parallel service work by British and Irish Friends in the years 1916-1944.

Includes minutes, reports, and related papers of Friends Centres in Austria, Germany, France, Poland, Russia and Serbia, Friends' War Victims' Relief Committee, Friends' Council for International Service, Friends Service Council, and other Quaker relief agencies, mostly under the direction of London and Dublin Yearly Meetings. Also includes some records of France Yearly Meeting and the Yearly Meeting of Friends in Germany.

Records organized in eight series: 1. Friends' War Victims' Relief Committee; 2. Friends' Council for International Service; 3. Friends Service Council; 4. Other Relief and Related Agencies; 5. Quaker International Centres; 6. Quaker International Relief; 7. International Organizations and Conferences of Friends; 8. Quaker Yearly Meetings in Europe.

American Friends Service Committee. Civilian Public Service
Records, 1940-1947.
278 linear ft.

Organized to provide alternative service for conscientious objectors, who were assigned "work of national importance” under civilian direction; the historic peace churches (Church of the Brethren, Religious Society of Friends and the Mennonite Church) banded together to form the National Service Board for Religious Objectors (NISBRO) which coordinated the civilian public service (CPS) program; the American Friends Service Committee administered seventeen CPS camps and over thirty special service units which provided an alternative service program for 3400 men between 1941 and 1946.

Organized (with the Prison Service Committee records) in 5 series plus appendices: Section 1. CPS administrative files; Section 2. Case files (including medical files) of men in CPS; Section 3. CPS camp publications (not restricted). Section 4. AFSC Prison Service Committee records; Section 5. Later accessions; Appendices: Reference lists of CPS camps, CPS project units, and religious denominations with number of men in CPS.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is the official repository for the Civilian Public Service records and the Prison Service Committee records of the American Friends Service Committee. It is not the official repository for the records of the AFSC.

Restrictions apply. All series except Section 3 (CPS publications) are restricted; some boxes are stored off-site. Consult Swarthmore College Peace Collection for details.

American Friends Service Committee. Prison Service Committee
Records, 1943-1947.
5.75 linear ft.

Established by the AFSC on Dec. 1, 1943 to provide spiritual ministry and practical assistance to some of the over 6000 men who were imprisoned for conscience' sake.

Organized (with the Civilian Public Service records) in 5 series plus appendices: Section 1. CPS administrative files; Section 2. Case files (including medical files) of men in CPS; Section 3. CPS camp publications (not restricted). Section 4. AFSC Prison Service Committee records; Section 5. Later accessions; Appendices: Reference lists of CPS camps, CPS project units, and religious denominations with number of men in CPS.

Restrictions apply. All series except Section 3 (CPS publications) are restricted; some boxes are stored off-site. Consult Swarthmore College Peace Collection for details.

American Interracial Peace Committee; American Inter-Racial Peace Committee; AIPC; a joint effort of African-Americans and the American Friends Service Committee (of the Society of Friends (Quakers)) to enlist support of African-Americans for peace organizations; headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; began in 1928; affiliated with the National Association of Colored Women; members of the advisory board included Jane Addams, Mary McLeod Bethune, and W.E.B. DuBois.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: U.S.

American Peace Society
Collection, 1828-1956
10.75 linear ft.

Association of regional peace societies formed 1828 to promote permanent international peace through participation in international peace congresses and support for the use of arbitration to settle international disputes.

Chiefly papers of Benjamin F. Trueblood (1847-1916), a Quaker and absolute pacifist and general secretary of the American Peace Society (1892-1915); includes correspondence (1871-1915), articles, speeches, lecture notes, biographical information, pamphlets, scrapbooks, photos, and memorabilia, relating to his work with the society, as president of Wilmington College, Wilmington, Ohio, and Penn College, Oskaloosa, Iowa, and as representative of Christian Arbitration and Peace Society in Europe (1890-1891), and correspondence (1913-1956) of his wife, Sarah H. Trueblood, and his daughter and secretary, Lyra Wolkins, who gathered letters and other materials for a biography of Trueblood; together with records of the society including articles of incorporation (1848), scattered annual reports (1836-1924), minutes of the executive committee (1916-1917), pamphlets, leaflets, statements, speeches, and reprints. Correspondents in the Trueblood papers include Joseph G. Alexander, Hannah J. Bailey, Charles E. Beals, Nicholas Murray Butler, Arthur Deerin Call, Samuel T. Dutton, Anna B. Eckstein, James J. Hall, Seichi Ikemoto, Louis P. Lochner, Edwin D. Mead, Lucia Ames Mead.

Also available on microfilm (13 reels). Available on interlibrary loan from Swarthmore College Peace Collection.

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CONNECT TO PHOTOGRAPHIC EXHIBIT
LOCATION: Peace Collection: Archives, DG 003; use microfilm, Reel 68:1-68:13.

Bent Andresen; objector to war, environmentalist, protester against the death penalty and the nuclear arms race; Quaker; born Copenhagen, Denmark, Jan. 14, 1908; attended Columbia University, 1932-1934; conscientious objector during World War II, during which he took part in "guinea pig" experiments on human subjects; walked away from Civilian Public Service as a protest against the bombing of Hiroshima, was arrested, and served time in prison, during which he was force-fed.

Includes biographical information, correspondence, his1945 diary, information about Andresen's hunger strikes, photographs, and reference materials.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

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LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: U.S.

Initiated by the Fellowship of Reconciliation, Mid-Atlantic Region, July 1, 1959; formed to provide ongoing silent witness against testing and development of biological agents for use in warfare at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases located at Fort Detrick, Maryland; many members of the Appeal and Vigil were Quakers, including Lawrence Scott (see Lawrence Scott Papers); changed name in 1960 to Vigil at Fort Detrick; the Vigil later became the Peace Action Center in Washington D.C.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: U.S.

Association to Abolish War
Records, 1915-1927
5 linear inches

The Association to Abolish War was organized by Charles F. Dole and Wilbur K. Thomas, a Quaker, as a pacifist group committed to standing firm against the "preparedness" movement of the World War I and postwar period.

Atkinson, Gertrude, 1874-1948
Wilmer Atkinson Family Papers, 1881-1948.
4 boxes ; 1.75 linear ft.

Wilmer Atkinson (1840-1920) of Philadelphia, Pa., was a Quaker journalist and editor and publisher of the Farm Journal. He was active in social concerns, especially suffrage for women. In 1866 he married Anna Allen, and they had three daughters. The scrapbooks in this collection were compiled by their daughter, Gertrude Atkinson.

The collection includes scrapbooks containing clippings and memorabilia concerning the Atkinson, Allen, Quimby, and related families, and a typed copy of a journal which Wilmer Atkinson kept in 1917 concerning World War I.

Began in 1985 under the care of the Social Concerns Committee of the Atlanta Friends Meeting; includes representatives from other religious communities; provides information about the sanctuary movement and sanctuary of Central American refugees.

Two conferences seem to have been held: December 4-7, 1945 and February 12-14, 1946; sponsoring organizations were: American Friends Service Committee, Friends General Conference, Five Years Meeting of Friends, Baptist Pacifist Fellowship, Board of Social Missions of the United Lutheran Church, Brethren Service Committee, Commission of World Peace of the Methodist Church, Friends Committee on National Legislation, Disciples of Christ Social Action Committee, Episcopal Pacifist Fellowship, Evangelical & Reformed Pacifist Fellowship, Fellowship of Reconciliation (U.S. Section), Jewish Peace Fellowship, Mennonite Central Committee, National Council for Prevention of War, National Peace Conference, Pacifist Research Bureau, War Resisters League, and Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (U.S. Section). Conscientious objectors in Civilian Public Service were also represented.

Babb, Nancy J., 1884-1948
Nancy J. Babb collected papers, 1921-1949.
2.5 linear inches

Nancy J. Babb; Nancy Jones Babb, b. 1884 in Virginia, daughter of Enoch and Judith Babb; member of the Society of Friends (Quakers); graduated from Westtown School, near Philadelphia; served with the American Friends Service Committee and the American Red Cross in Russia and Siberia, 1917-1919, 1921-1928, where she administered 20,000 square miles of territory with two other Quaker women; assisted with famine and medical relief under desperate conditions in which she contracted typhoid; in 1921 she worked with Herbert Hoover's American Relief Administration; in gratitude for her work, Russian peasants called her the "little czar of Totskoe" for risking her life to help them; after her service abroad she returned to live in Philadelphia, her home for the rest of her life, where she lectured and worked and was affiliated with many humanitarian, social and political organizations including the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; active with the Twelfth Street Friends Meeting in Philadelphia; in 1938, she established the National Circulating Library of Student's Peace Posters, an organization that sponsored annual contests for children and young adults to create posters against war and on peace topics; d. 1948 in Philadelphia. She wrote a chapter, "Fighting Famine" about her experiences in Russia in the book Quaker Adventures: Experiences of Twenty-Three Adventurers in International Understanding (New York: F.H. Revell, 1928).

Includes: one folder of biographical material about Babb's experiences working with relief efforts in Russia and Siberia, 1917-1928; one folder of correspondence (1921-1929) primarily concerns Babbs's disagreement with the American Friends Service Committee, specifically Wilbur K. Thomas, Executive Secretary, regarding AFSC's reimbursement of her expenses while she was in Russia; one folder of miscellaneous material includes information about Russian peasant crafts.

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LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: U.S

Bailey, Hannah J. (Hannah Johnston), 1839-1923
Papers, 1858-1923.
2.5 linear ft.

Hannah J. Bailey; Quaker pacifist, suffragist, reformer, and temperance leader; superintendent of the Department of Peace and Arbitration of the National Woman's Christian Temperance Union from 1887 to 1916; president and business manager of the Woman's Temperance Publication Association, the publishing arm of the WCTU; president of the Maine Woman Suffrage Association (1891-1899), and a member of the National American Woman Suffrage Association.

Papers concern her activities in the Department of Peace and Arbitration of the national and world Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, her work for social causes, her travels abroad, and her connection with the Society of Friends (Quakers). Included are correspondence (1889-1920), published and unpublished articles, speeches, diaries and journals, biographical information, information about Benjamin F. Trueblood, photographs, scrapbooks, peace flags, and memorabilia. Also in the collection are publications of the Department of Peace and Arbitration, including reports (1888-1917), leaflets, tracts, programs, and two periodicals edited by Bailey, The Pacific Banner and The Acorn. Financial and legal papers of the Woman’s Temperance Publication Association, for which Bailey served as president and business manager, are also found among her papers. Correspondents and others in the collection include Cora Slocomb DiBrazza-Savorgnan (Countess DiBrazza), Alice May Douglas, Anne Sturges Duryea, Anna A. Gordon, Lucia Ames Mead, and Frances Willard.

Entire collection excluding part of box 5 available on microfilm (3 reels) available on interlibrary loan from the Swarthmore College Peace Collection.

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LOCATION: Peace Collection: Archives DG 5; use microfilm Reels 69.1-69.3

Elizabeth Newlin Baker was a Pennsylvania Quaker peace activist and graduate of Swarthmore College, Class of 1902.

This small collection contains drafts of letters written by Elizabeth Baker, miscellaneous correspondence received, and papers concerning the Pennsylvania Job Mobilization Program of the late 1930s.

Balch, Emily Greene, 1867-1961
Papers, 1842-1979, 1875-1961 (bulk)
25.75 linear ft.

Emily Greene Balch; peace leader; Quaker; President of Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, U.S. Section (1928-1933); received Nobel Peace Prize (1946); active in Woman's Peace Party (1915-1919) and People's Council of America for Democracy and Peace (1917); dismissed from Wellesley College teaching position because of opposition to World War I.
Correspondence (1875-1961); diaries (1876-1955); books and poetry by Balch; draft of autobiography and interviews with Mercedes M. Randall (1951); articles about Balch including Nobel Peace Prize publicity; research notes and subject files. Correspondents include Grace Abbott, Jane Addams, Gertrud Baer, Francis Vergnies Balch, Katharine Lee Bates, Katherine Devereaux Blake, Kathleen D. Courtney, Dorothy Detzer, Madeleine Z. Doty, Camille Drevet, Anna Melissa Graves, Lida Gustava Heymann, Hannah Clothier Hull, Eleanor Daggett Karsten, Louis P. Lochner, Kathleen J. Lowrie, Lucia Ames Mead, Mildred Scott Olmsted, Alice Thacher Post, Edith M. Pye, Mercedes M. Randall, Vida D. Scudder, Mary Sheepshanks, Rebecca Shelley, Mabel Vernon.
Organized in five series plus appendix. I. Biographical; II. Correspondence; III. Writings by Emily Greene Balch; IV. Subject files; V. Peace literature/reference material. Chronological arrangement in Series I, II, III, and V. Alphabetical arrangement in Series IV.

Series I, I, III available in microfilm from Scholarly Resources Inc., 104 Greenhill Ave., Wilmington, DE 19805-1897, and on interlibrary loan from the Swarthmore College Peace Collection.

John Beer; John J. Beer; b. 1927, Saarbrucken, Germany; received Ph.D. in the history of science from the University of Illinois in 1956; at the University of Delaware, taught the history of science and the history of chemistry until his retirement in 1992; Quaker peace and antinuclear activist.

Collection includes correspondence and notes about Beer's work for peace and social justice including: an account of conscientious objector David Emerson's hearing in 1954 (Beer was his counselor); peace involvements in Delaware, 1960s-1980s including opposition to the Vietnam War and to nuclear weapons; includes accounts of Western Quarterly Friends (Quakers) visits to the Pentagon to protest the arms race, 1979-1981 including correspondence with Brig. General Richard T. Boverie; opposition to ROTC at the University of Delaware; evaluation of nuclear warfare films by Beer and his students; includes extensive reference files concerning atomic/nuclear warfare, civil defense, the Cold War, peace advocacy, and peaceful uses of atomic energy.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of John Beer.

Lucy Biddle Lewis (1861-1941) was the oldest child of Clement M. Biddle (1838-1902). She was active in Quaker postwar relief work and the peace movement, serving on the American Friends Service Committee, as National Chairman of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, and from 1908-1941, on the Board of Managers of Swarthmore College. Papers of Lucy Biddle Lewis are important for association with the women's suffrage movement and for early activities of the American Friends Service Committee

Organized into five series: 1. Owen Biddle; 2. Clement Biddle (1778-1856) and his family and friends; 3. Clement Biddle (1838-1902) and his son, William C. Biddle; 4. Clement Miller Biddle (1876-1959); 5. Lucy Biddle Lewis and

Lydia

Lewis Rickman.

Albert Bigelow; Bert Bigelow; architect, former Navy commander, and Quaker, who sailed the ketch Golden Rule into the

U.S.

atomic bomb test site in the

Marshall Islands

in 1958. (See photo). This act of civil disobedience resulted in the arrest of Bigelow and his shipmates and their imprisonment in Honolulu. Bigelow participated in other acts of civil disobedience as well.

Albert Bigelow; scattered correspondence (1956-1961), personal statements, illustrations, and drawings, ms. draft and publisher's contract of Bigelow's book, Voyage of the Golden Rule (1959), photos, and other papers, chiefly relating to the voyage of the ketch Golden Rule to Eniwetok Proving Grounds in the Marshall Islands (1958), a protest against nuclear weapons sponsored by the Committee for Non-Violent Action Against Nuclear Weapons, but also relating to Bigelow's other activities including the Mercury Project vigil in Nevada (1957) and Alabama freedom rides (1961). Includes scrapbook and ship’s log of the Golden Rule, sketches made on board the Golden Rule and in prison in Hawaii, publicity releases and clippings, and film clip. Correspondents include Joseph S. Clark, Arthur M. Dye, Jr., Christian A. Herter, William R. Huntington, Beach Langston, Barbara L. Reynolds, Earle L. Reynolds, and Norman J. Whitney.

Similar documents are together, i.e., correspondence, news clippings, audiovisual material. Documents are in chronological order. Unrestricted.

Binford, Raymond, b. 1876, and Helen Binford
Raymond and Helen Binford Collection, 1941-1946.
5 linear in.

Raymond Binford; Helen Binford; Quakers and educators, Raymond and Helen Binford served as camp directors of Civilian Public Service Camp 19, Marion, North Carolina, and later of Camp 108, Gatlinburg, Tennessee. Raymond Binford had been President of Guilford College for 16 years previous to his CPS experience. They conducted research under the auspices of the Pacifist Research Bureau.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of these individuals.

Blanchard, Joshua P. (Joshua Pollard), 1782?-1868
Collection, 1819-1868.
3 linear in.

Joshua P. Blanchard; nineteenth century absolute pacifist and abolitionist. Joined the Massachusetts Peace League in 1816 and was for many years active in the American Peace Society and the Universal Peace Union.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

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LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: U.S.

Blood Family Papers
Papers, 1942-199
3.5 linear feet

Robert O. and Margaret C. Blood were active Quakers, members of Ann Arbor Monthly Meeting, Michigan. Robert Blood (1921-1988) was the son of New Hampshire governor Robert O. Blood and professor of sociology at University of Michigan. He married Margaret McKee Cheek (1918-1999) in 1944. After Robert's retirement in 1967, they both earned licenses as clinical social workers and developed a private practice in individual and couple therapy. Their son, Peter Blood (b. 1946) was a conscientious objector to the Vietnam War.

The collection contains primarily the papers of Margaret Blood, including correspondence, writings, journals (mostly fragments) after about 1960. There are also some writings by Robert Blood including student papers and articles for periodicals, as well as material on their joint counseling workshops and papers concerning their son, Peter Blood, and the draft during the Vietnam era.

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Location: Friends Historical Library, RG5/263

Elise Boulding; Quaker, sociologist and peace activist, former Chairperson of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Boulding, Kenneth Ewart, 1910-1993
Collection, 1938-1977, 1960-1977 (Bulk).
2.5 linear in.

Kenneth Boulding; Quaker; economics professor, served with the League of Nations and the Committee for Economic Development; founder of Journal of Conflict Resolution; director of the Center for Research in Conflict Resolution at the University of Michigan; poet.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Gilbert Bowles; part of Friend’s Mission, Tokyo on behalf of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting from February 1901 until 1941; worked at Friends Girls School.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International.

Japan

also Friends Historical Library PG7

Anna M. Jackson and her daughter, Anna M. Theiss, were Quaker activists in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Anna M. Davis was born in 1848 in New York, the daughter of David H. Davis, a textile merchant, and Susan Price Davis. She married William M. Jackson in 1869. Anna M. Jackson was very involved in reform activities in New York City. She served as Chairman of the Women's Prison Reform Committee, and was also involved in the Women's Municipal League and the Political Study Club. Her daughter, Anna Morris Jackson, was born in 1881. The latter attended Swarthmore College for two years, and in 1909 earned a B.S. in Education from Columbia University. In 1910, she married Charles Fox Branson and moved to Ohio. The Bransons and their only surviving child, Anna Florence Branson, moved back east to Philadelphia in the early 1920's, where Anna was involved in Green Street Monthly Meeting, Friends General Conference, and helped to organize the Inter-Racial Committee of Philadelphia. Anna and Charles were divorced in 1939, and she married Dr. Lewis E. Theiss of Bucknell University.

Correspondence, journals, and memorabilia of Anna M. Jackson and her daughter, Anna M. Theiss. It also includes related materials of the Davis, Price, Jackson, and Fox families, as well as some correspondence of William M. Jackson and memorabilia of Anna F. and Myron Lewis Boardman. There are significant materials relating to prison reform, women's suffrage, peace, and equal rights for African-Americans in New York City in the late 19th century, Quaker activities throughout the period, the Schofield Normal and Industrial School in the late 19th century, and Swarthmore College in the 1890's and the 1930's. Correspondents include Mrs. Sarah J. Bird, Samuel J. Barrows, Kate Bond, Joel Bean, Elizabeth Powell Bond, William W. Birdsall, Cornelia Bowen, Antoinette Blackwell, Ellen Collins, Anna J. Cooper, Grace H. Dodge, W.E.B. DuBois, Phebe A. Hanaford, Cornelia Hancock, Josephine Shaw Lowell, Jacob A. Riis, Belle de Rivera, Theodore Roosevelt, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Margaret Schofield, Fanny G. Villard, Stephen Samuel Wise, and Booker T. Washington.

John W. Braxton; Participant in A Quaker Action Group, Philadelphia Resistance, American Friends Service Committee, the Quaker ship Phoenix which sailed to North and South Vietnam in 1967 and 1968, the Vietnam Moratorium, and New Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam; served time in federal prisons in Lewisberg, PA, Allenwood, PA, and Petersburg, PA.

Parole documents, correspondence, Freedom of Information Act files, U.S. Department of Justice files, FBI files, CIA files.

The Bringhursts of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, were a prominent Quaker family, active in the civic life of the City and in the Society of Friends.

The greater part of this collection was preserved by C. Marshall Taylor and contains correspondence, 1780-1806, of Philadelphia Quaker businessman, James Bringhurst. These include letters received by James Bringhurst (1730-1810) from John Murray (1758-1819) of New York City which reveal their interest in education, prison reform, preventing poverty, and improving the condition of Indians.

Ellen Starr Brinton; Quaker, feminist, internationalist, and first curator (1935-1951) of the Jane Addams Peace Collection (later the Swarthmore College Peace Collection).

Personal correspondence (1935-1953), travel journals, address books, notes, and manuscripts and typescripts of articles and related correspondence and research notes. Includes material about a trip to Europe in 1948 to secure endangered records of peace organizations, correspondence relating to Cuban-American relations (1935-1937), and her efforts to secure exit visas from

Czechoslovakia

for Rosa Kulka, a Jewish pacifist, and her family in the late 1930s. Topics of her research include Daughters of the American Revolution, Elihu Burritt, Benjamin West's peace treaty paintings, the Universal Peace Union, and Mexican-American relations, as well as notes for a biography of Jane Addams and a manuscript draft of Brinton's unpublished work on the American peace movement, Dreamers of Dreams. Correspondents include Emily Greene Balch, Heloise Brainerd, Benny Cederfeld, A. Ruth Fry, Rosa Kulka, Paul Vanorden Shaw, Phyllis M. Tiller, Herminio Portell-Villa, Elizabeth Wheeler, and Lyra Trueblood Wolkins.

James E. Bristol; American Friends Service Committee staff member from 1947; director of the Community Peace Education Program; head of the Quaker International Centre in Delhi, India; traveled to Jamaica, England, Mexico, and Japan; pastor of Grace Lutheran Church in Camden, N.J. for eight years; imprisoned as a conscientious objector during World War II; worked on Speak Truth to Power and many pamphlets for AFSC.

Fenner Brockway; Conscientious objector in World War I; repeatedly court-martialed; anti-imperialist and Socialist activist; Member of Parliament both in the House of Commons and later the House of Lords.

News articles, statements, official correspondence, pamphlets and other writings.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain

Bromley, Marion and Ernest Bromley
Papers of Marion Bromley and Ernest Bromley, 1945-1995.
3.3 linear ft.

Primarily correspondence of Marion Bromley, 1945-1995; also includes biographical material, manuscripts, newspaper clippings, two unpublished play scripts by Marion Bromley.

At right, Ernest Bromley arrested at a demonstration, April 18, 1984 in Cincinnati, Ohio

Mary Bye; Quaker peace activist and member of Doylestown Monthly Meeting in Pennsylvania.

Correspondence, notes, clippings, and other files concerning peace and justice issues. Includes material on Daniel Berrigan, Robert Whittington Eaton, the Plowshares Eight, Vietnamese conflict, Continental Walk for Disarmament, corporate divestiture, Central American refugees, and many other issues. Correspondents include Noam Chomsky, Alexander Calder, Theodore Friend, Kai Yutah Clouds, Father Paul Kabat, and others.

Henry J. Cadbury, a distinguished Biblical scholar and teacher, was a founder of the American Friends Service Committee. He served as its chairman from both 1928 to 1934 and from 1944 to 1960. Cadbury supervised famine relief both in the

United States

and in Europe.

Peace-related papers including mss. and typescripts of Cadbury's published and unpublished writings, articles and pamphlets by others, scattered related correspondence, and subject files on topics including Quakerism, pacifism, conscientious objection, war tax refusal, militarism, peace education, and civil liberties, especially academic loyalty oaths. Series are: I. Personal; II. By Henry J. Cadbury; III. Correspondence; IV. Subject Files; V. Peace Literature and Reference Material. Documents are arranged in chronological order.

Holland Cameron; member of Ohio Yearly Meeting. Registered as conscientious objector in World War I, and accepted noncombatant service.

LOCATION: Peace Collection Collected Document Groups, U.S.

Camp, Katherine Lindsley, 1918-2006
Papers, 1955-2000
10 linear ft.

Kay Camp, born Mt. Kisco NY; Quaker; graduate of Swarthmore College (1940); elected president of the U.S. Section of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom in 1967, and served as international president, 1974-1980; founder of the Citizens Bi-Racial Study Group; former president of the Pennsylvania Women's Political Caucus; made unsuccessful bid for Congress in 1972 on the Democratic ticket in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania.

Includes correspondence, manuscripts, minutes of meetings, newspaper clippings, reference files, and photographs. Correspondents include Edith Ballantyne.

Lucy Perkins Carner, born York, Pennsylvania; graduated from Bryn Mawr College in 1908; received M.A. in sociology from Columbia University in 1924; social worker; Quaker; pacifist and war-tax resister.

Includes biographical information, correspondence (1953, 1960-1977), writings, and a scrapbook about

Israel

.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Collected Document Groups, U.S.

Corder Catchpool; pacifist, conscientious objector, British Quaker, engineer; decorated for service with Friends Ambulance Unit while imprisoned in England for conscientious objection to World War I; described war experiences in his book On Two Fronts; arrested in Berlin in 1933 while a secretary for the International Quaker Centre; worked for international understanding and release of conscientious objectors.

Includes correspondence, documents related to Catchpool's military and conscientious objector status, newspaper clippings, and pamphlets.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

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LOCATION: Peace Collection Collected Document Groups, Foreign: Gt. Britain . Catchpool, Corder

CCCO/An Agency for Military and Draft Counseling
1948-[ongoing]
131 linear ft.

Founded in 1948 following passage of the Selective Service Act. Most active during the Korean and

Vietnam

Wars, the CCCO promotes such issues as amnesty, repatriation, and counter-recruitment. Many members of CCCO were Quakers.

Includes draft and military counselors' case files & legal files; meeting minutes (1948- ); releases; statements; memoranda; manuals; staff members' files; photographs; A/V material; news clippings; subject & reference files pertaining to military service, conscientious objection & Selective Service regulations. Correspondents include Douglis Farnsworth, James Feldman, E. First, Steve Gulick, Jon Landau, Robert K. Musil, Robert A. Seeley, Arlo Tatum, George Willoughby, Irene Wren, and Eric E. Wright.

Center for War/Peace Studies (New York, N.Y.)
Collection, 1966-[ongoing].
2.5 linear in.

Organized 1966 by the New York Friends Group to carry out community and adult education on world affairs and U.S foreign policy issues. The Center's name was changed to Center for Global Perspectives in 1976, but a subsequent reorganization restored the original name.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

Formed in 1940 as the National Service Board for Religious Objectors; changed its name to National Interreligious Service Board for Conscientious Objectors in 1970, and to The Center on Conscience & War (CCW) in December, 1999; works to defend and extend the rights of conscientious objectors; founded by the historic peace churches (the Society of Friends (Quakers), Brethren and Mennonites) to provide a unified approach to the federal government in matters concerning conscientious objection and alternative services; headquartered in Washington, D.C.

The collection includes minutes of the Board of Directors and Consultative Council (1943-1969), correspondence (1940-1973), memoranda, literature and releases, financial records, statistics, subject files, newspaper clippings, photographs, and motion pictures. In addition to the administrative records of the Washington office, the 1940-1947 records include correspondence, reports, and publications of 151 Civilian Pubic Service camps, together with case files of men assigned to CPS camps and of the men who were reclassified or imprisoned. Additional case files covering the period 1949 to 1973 contain information about men who performed alternative service (1-W classification) and about men who sought help with problems relating to military service and/or classification. All case files are restricted. Paul Comly French was executive director of NSBRO during the war period, 1940-1946, followed by Ora Huston (1946-1948), A. Stauffer Curry (1949-1955), C. LeRoy Doty, Jr. (1956-1958), J. Harold Sherk (1958-1969), and Warren W. Hoover (1969- ); later executive directors were: L. William (Bill) Yolton, early 1990s; Philip L. Borkholder and Raymond J. Toney, mid 1990s; J.E. McNeil, 1999?-

Some restrictions apply. Consult Swarthmore College Peace Collection for details.

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LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 25.

Champney, Horace, 1905-1990
Papers, 1906-1990, Bulk 1958-1979.
8.25 lin. ft.

Horace Champney; born Cleveland, Ohio; graduated from Antioch College in 1932; Ph. D. from Ohio State University; joined the Antioch Press as a printer and editor; a founder of The Peacemakers, a movement of revolutionary pacifists begun in Chicago in 1948; sailed to North Vietnam with other Quakers on the yacht Phoenix; established a personal vigil and fast at the gates of the White House, protesting the war; advocate of war-tax resistance; member of A Quaker Action Group, the American Friends Service Committee, the Committee for Nonviolent Action, and the Fellowship of Reconciliation; died in Yellow Springs, Ohio.

Papers consist of correspondence, diaries, journals, flyers, newspaper clippings, minutes of meetings; essays and newspaper and periodical articles by Champney; diaries, journals, manuscripts, correspondence, pamphlets, documents and memorabilia from the Phoenix mission to North Vietnam; includes material about imprisoned antiwar activists Bruce Ashley, DeCourcy Squire, and Marjorie Swann, and about pacifist martyr Norman Morrison; includes approximately 586 photos, mostly black and white snapshots taken during the Phoenix voyage. Major correspondents include: Le Thi Anh, Betty Boardman, Ernest Bromley, Marion Bromley, Beulah Champney, Ken Champney, Ross Flanagan, Barbara Reynolds, Earle Reynolds, Lee Stern, Christine Wise, and Carl Zietlow.

Organized in 8 series: A. Biographical information; B. Correspondence, general; C. Champney family correspondence; D. Writings of Horace Champney and Freeman Champney; E. Social activism of Horace Champney; F. Phoenix mission to North Vietnam, general; G. Phoenix mission to North Vietnam, diaries, journals; H. Phoenix mission to North Vietnam, accounts of the voyage, publication of manuscripts.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 166.

Harold J. Chance was the Director of Friends Peace Service of the American Friends Service Committee from 1943 to 1962.

Collection, 1943-1944.
.5 linear in.
LOCATION: Peace Collection Collected Document Groups, U.S.

Journals, reports, and evaluation of Friends Peace Service work, 1949-1961
3 folders
LOCATION: Friends Historical Library Archives, SC195.

Organized during World War I by Caroline S. Walter and Mrs. Jesse Philips (who were Quakers), the Crusade recruited children and spoke through them for "a better way" to peace than by means of war.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

Citizens Conference on Ending the War in Indochina (1971 : Paris , France)
Collection, 1971.

A project of the American Friends Service Committee, Clergy and Laymen Concerned, and the Fellowship of Reconciliation, the conference was attended by 170 Americans in Paris seeking the means for ending the Vietnamese Conflict.

The Swarthmore Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this conference.

SEE American Friends Service Committee. Civilian Public Service.

Civilian Public Service personal papers and collected papers
8.4 linear ft.

Civilian Public Service (CPS) was set up to provide alternative service for conscientious objectors during World War II. This unique church-state partnership established a program in which over 12,000 men performed "work of national importance" primarily in camps administered by the historic peace churches (the Brethren, Friends, and Mennonites). Their work included firefighting, serving in mental hospitals and as "guinea pigs" in medical experiments." In 1964, Swarthmore College Peace Collection created a document group called Civilian Public Service Personal Papers, in which were placed many small collections of personal papers acquired from individuals and organizations after 1946. When the collection was reprocessed in 1991, the title was changed to Civilian Public Service Personal Papers and Collected Materials.

Chiefly the personal papers of conscientious objectors assigned to Civilian Public Service (CPS) camps during World War II, including correspondence, writings, and reference material about CPS. There is material relating to CPS projects including the Chicago Conference on Social Action (1943) and the Food for Europe Fund (1946). There are studies of the effects of CPS camps on conscientious objectors by Paul A. Wilhelm (1987-1989) and Cynthia Eller (1990). Correspondents include Howard W. and Mary Alice Alexander, Purnell H. Benson, Franklin H. Briggs, Samuel Cooper, Rex M. Corfman, Henry W. Dyer, William M. Fuson, Harold S. Guetzkow, Channing B. Richardson, Russel I. Smith, Richard S Sterne, Eugene S. and Louise Wilson, Harold P. Winchester, and Curtis Zahn.

Organized in three series: I. Personal papers; II. CPS Projects; III. CPS Recalled.

Some restrictions apply. Consult Swarthmore College Peace Collection for details.

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LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 56.

The Civilian Public Service Union was organized at the beginning of 1944 in the CPS camp at Big Flats, New York. Men at other camps and units quickly joined the group. CPSU, a union for "drafted workers conscientiously opposed to war," was formed to provide an organized means of communication and group action among men in all sections of CPS and to combat the waste and injustice of the CPS system itself. Many members of CPS were Quakers.

Records include a proposed constitution, scattered minutes, correspondence (1943-1945), CPSU Newsletter, statements, releases, financial records, membership and contact lists, and research date on use of manpower in CPS. Also in the collection are the records of local units in various CPS camps, including scattered minutes, correspondence, financial records, and membership lists. Camps represented by significant amounts of material include: Big Flats, NY Camp #46; Powellsville, MD Camp #52; Middletown, CT, Camp #81; Trenton, ND Camp #94; Pownal, ME Camp #130, Germfask, NC Camp #135; and Jaundice Unit, Philadelphia, PA Camp #140.

The Committee, originally called Women's Work Committee, prepared women for "service at home and abroad." The Unit was set up at Highacres Farm, Glen Mills, Pennsylvania, by the American Friends Service Committee Peace Section and Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. Study of simple-living techniques, pacifist philosophy, and interracial harmony was promoted.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

Clark, Rebecca Timbres, 1896-2000
Papers, 1853-1999.
35 boxes ; 18 linear ft.

Rebecca Timbres Clark was a Quaker nurse and social worker. She was born Rebecca Sinclair Janney. She and her first husband, Harry Garland Timbres (1899-1937), performed relief work under the auspices of the AFSC in Eastern Europe in 1921-22. Her husband, also a Quaker, subsequently earned a medical degree, and the couple worked with Rabindranath Tagore in Bengal,

India

, in 1931-34. In 1936-1937, the couple worked in the malaria unit in Soviet

Russia

. After Harry Timbres{173} death, Rebecca returned to the

U.S.

She married Edgar Sydenham Clark (1885-1961) on July 2,1943, and the couple moved to Honolulu, Hawaii, in 1947, where Rebecca worked as a medical social worker. In 1963, she married a third time, to Richard T. Taylor. They divorced in 1970, and she resumed the name Rebecca Timbres Clark.

Correspondence, journals (1921-1922), biographical data, articles, speeches, reviews, poetry, pictures, and memorabilia, relating chiefly to relief work in eastern Europe, and especially Poland and Russia, undertaken by Clark and her first husband, Harry Garland Timbres, a Quaker physician, under the auspices of the American Friends Service Committee, but also relating to Clark's later medical and social work in India, where she served in a school founded by Rabindranath Tagore, and in Hawaii. Correspondents include Charles Freer Andrews and Horace Alexander. Previously cited as: Janney-Timbres Papers.

Cleghorn, Sarah Norcliffe, 1876-1959
Papers, 1910-1955.
2 boxes (1 linear ft.).

Sarah Cleghorn; Quaker author, reformer, and pacifist of Manchester, Vermont and Philadelphia, Pa.; born in Norfolk, Va.; spent her early life in Wisconsin and Minnesota; educated at a seminary in Vermont, and spent a year at Radcliffe as a special student; active in a number of reform movements including peace, anti-vivisection, women suffrage, anti-lynching, prison reform, and opposition to child labor. She joined the Socialist party at the age of 35. At the time of her death, she was a member of Chestnut Hill (Pa.) Monthly Meeting.

Correspondence, biographical data, essays, pageants and poetry, clippings, memorabilia, and photographs. Includes a grangerized copy of Cleghorn's autobiography, Threescore, and her War Journal of a Pacifist. Correspondents include Emily Greene Balch, A.J. Muste, Scott Nearing, Clarence Pickett, Norman Thomas, and Muriel Lester.

Access to all or part of the material is restricted. Consult Friends Historical Library for further information.

The Coffin family were Quakers of Wayne County, Indiana. Elijah Coffin was born in 1793 in Guilford County, N.C., the son of Bethuel and Hannah Dicks Coffin. His son and daughter-in-law, Charles F. and Rhoda M. Coffin were active in the peace movement, prison reform, reform of the treatment of the insane, and the temperance movement.

The collection contains family correspondence, journals, business papers, and miscellaneous writings. Includes documents and letters pertaining to Charles F., Rhoda M., and Elijah Coffin's prison reform activities and articles concerning the treatment of the insane, Indian rights, and temperance.

See also: Charles F. and Rhoda M. Coffin Collection, Quaker Archives, Earlham College.

The College Peace Union was formed by the communities of nine New England colleges, aided by the American Friends Services Committee and the Fellowship of Reconciliation, to seek alternatives to war.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

Committee for a Quaker Peace Witness; organized the November 1960 Washington Pilgrimage and two-day vigil at the Pentagon; chaired by Henry J. Cadbury; also called the Quaker Peace Witness Committee; work was continued by the Friends Witness for World Order.

Records include meeting minutes, financial records, correspondence, releases/literature, press releases, memos, statistics and reports, promotion and publicity, donation forms, registration forms for Quaker Peace Witness in Washington D.C., 1960, pamphlets, news articles, photographs.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection and Friends Historical Library are not the official repository for the records of this organization.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID

LOCATION: Peace Collection Collected Document Groups, U.S.
LOCATION: Friends Historical Library: Pamphlet Group 3

The Committee for Nonviolent Action was organized in 1957 by Lawrence Scott to protest nuclear tests in Las Vegas, Nevada. It was one of the first

United States

peace groups to promote nonviolent direct action, including civil disobedience. Leaders included A.J. Muste, Brad Lyttle, George Willoughby, and Neil Haworth. CNVA helped sponsor the voyages of the Phoenix and the Golden Rule (1958), Omaha Action (1959), Polaris Action (1961), the San Francisco to Moscow Walk for Peace (1961), the voyages of Everyman I, II, and III (1962), and the Quebec-Washington-Guantanamo Walk for Peace (1963). Merged with the War Resisters League in 1968. Many members of CNVA were Quakers.

Minutes (1957-1968), financial records (1957-1967), literature (1957-1967), correspondence (1962-1966), project files (1957-1967), branch records, and periodicals. Correspondents include Marv Davidov, Neil Haworth, Bradford Lyttle, A.J. Muste, Barbara Reynolds, Earle Reynolds, Lawrence Scott, Marjorie Swann, Robert Swann, George Willoughby

Organized in 15 series. Important series are: I. Minutes (1957-1968). II. Finance (1957-1967). III. Releases (1957-1967). V. Correspondence (1962-1966). VI. Projects (1957-1967). VII. Original scrapbooks about projects. VIII. Branches. Chronological arrangement except in Series V (Correspondence), and Series X and XI (Reference files), which are in alphabetical order.

Committee on Peace and Service of the Bucks Quarterly Meeting of the
Religious Society of Friends
Records, 1963-1976
2.5 linear inches

The Committee on Peace and Service, part of the Bucks Quarterly Meeting of the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, dealt with broad societal issues, including opposition to the Vietnam War.

Includes minutes of meetings, correspondence, statements and reports, press releases, and news clippings. Correspondents include Conveners Mary Bye and Edward G. Ramberg, a noted physicist.

Common Ground (Organization: Baton Rouge, Louisana)
Records, 1982-2006
2.5 linear ft.

Common Ground was a community of faith founded by Quakers in Baton Rouge, Louisiana in 1982 to break cycles of poverty, racism, and sexism through nonviolence education and action. Collaborative work with Baton Rouge Friends Meeting, local Clergy and Laity Concerned and Dignity chapters led to founding and shared workspace at Bienville House Center for Peace and Justice. Common Ground developed an educational program for abused residents and ex-residents from the city's domestic violence shelter. Providing sanctuary for Central American refugees led to successful national organizing in opposition to detention of those refugees in remote Oakdale, Louisiana. Eight journals and five newsletters created with and by grassroots women at their request were printed in-house in Lousiiana and Indiana. In Georgia, Common Ground organized biannual leadership retreats with women from a diversity of cultures and faiths. The organization was dissolved in 2006.

Collection includes correspondence (1983-2006), administrative files (1983-2005), financial records, flyers and brochures, publicity materials, photographs; includes information about Annie Armstead Smart, who inspired the founders of Common Ground. Also includes information about a proposed periodical named Appalachian Journal which apparently was never published (not the same as the Appalachian Journal published in Boone, North Carolina).

Committee to Support South African War Resisters
1 folder (.125 in.)
Group dedicated to supporting the opponents of apartheid in South Africa and opposing the draft in the United States.
Flyer.

LOCATION: Friends Historical Library: Pamphlet Group 3

Conference on Peace (Richmond, Indiana : Oct. 26-28, 1950)
1 folder (.125 in.)

Conference on Peace and Conscription (Richmond, Indiana : July 2-4, 1940)
1 folder (.25 in.)

Goals included finding ways to bring World War II to a rapid, peaceful end and to keep the United States out of war.

LOCATION: Friends Historical Library: Pamphlet Group 3

Conference on Peace and Reconstruction (Wilmington, Ohio : Aug. 31-Sept. 4, 1942)
1 folder (.25 in.)

Conference on Young Friends and the Peace Testimony (Richmond, Indiana : June 12-13, 1946)
1 folder (.125 in.)

Concerned with keeping the peace testimony clear and effective in the lives of young friends.

Consultative Peace Council
Records, 1930-1969 (bulk, 1939-1955)
10 linear inches

Consultative Peace Council; CPC. Many Quaker individuals and organizations were involved with the CPC. These files contain the papers of several groups: the Pacifist Action Committee, the Anti-War Mobilization Mass Meeting, and the Neutrality Bloc, which led to the development of the Peace Strategy Board, which became the Joint Peace Board in 1945-1946. The group again changed its name in 1946 to Consultative Peace Council; this was the final name of the organization. The Consultative Peace Council formed in 1946 as a clearinghouse of major American peace groups, mainly pacifist-leaning; headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Present at the organizing committee of the Consultative Peace Council held February 13, 1946 at Atlantic City, New Jersey included: M.R. Zigler, Brethren Service Committee; Ray Newton, American Friends Service Committee; Dorothy Detzer, Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; John Swomley, Fellowship of Reconciliation; Elsie Elfenbein, Post War World Council; Abe Kaufman, War Resisters League; E. Raymond Wilson, Friends Committee on National Legislation; Jesse Hoover, Mennonite Central Committee; Fred J. Libby, National Council for the Prevention of War; Hi Doty, Pacifist Research Bureau; Henry Perry, Peace Committee Five Years Meeting of Friends; Allan Knight Chalmers, Fellowship of Reconciliation; Jerome Malino, Jewish Peace Fel1owship Hannah Clothier Hull, Friends' General Conference; Mildred Scott Olmsted, Women's International League and Women's Committee on Conscription; Paul C. French, National Service Board for Religious Objectors; Henry Cadbury, American Friends Service Committee; Waldemar Metz (Evangelical and Reformed Peace Fellowship in process of formation); Lee Stern, Pacifist Esperantist Fellowship: Mark Shaw, National Council for the Prevention of War; and A.J. Muste, Fellowship of Reconciliation. Alfred Hassler was its final president. The CPC ceased to exist around 1969.

Includes correspondence, reports, financial records, administrative files, minutes of meetings, publicity materials, brochures, newspaper clippings. Correspondents include: Devere Allen, Dorothy Detzer, Alfred Hassler, Jessie Wallace Hughan, Abe Kaufman, Frederick J. Libby, A.J. Muste, Ray Newton, Mildred Scott Olmsted, John Swomley, E. Raymond Wilson, and M.R. Zigler.

Coordinating Committee for Easter Peace Witness
see
New York Yearly Meeting. Coordinating Committee for Easter Peace Witness

Paul M. Cope; Quaker; as a member of the Anglo-American Mission under the auspices of the Friends' War Victims' Relief Committee, Cope worked and traveled in France in 1919.

The collection includes correspondence, documents, memorabilia, and pamphlets from Cope's work in France in 1919 in the aftermath of World War I.

Julien Cornell was a graduate of Swarthmore College, class of 1930, and a Quaker. He was a lawyer who defended conscientious objectors and was notable for his defense of civil rights, most notably as the defense attorney of Ezra Pound, who was accused of treason during World War II.

Some restrictions apply. Consult Swarthmore College Peace Collection for details.

Bainbridge C. Davis (1910-1993) was a Quaker active in many concerns and organizations. He worked as a Foreign Service Officer, serving in Venezuela, Jamaica, Chile, and Panama and retired early to devote himself to Quaker causes. He worked to improve race relations and opposed U.S. support for dictatorships. He was a Philadelphia Yearly Meeting representative to the World Conference of Friends in 1979 and 1991.

Ulysses DeRosa; Born in Italy; Socialist, convinced a Quaker, June 1917; in Oct. 1918, sentenced to life imprisonment; reduced to 25 years; imprisoned at Fort Leavenworth.

Dickinson, Robert E. (Robert Elliott), 1916-1982
Papers, 1969-1974
2.5 linear inches

Robert E. Dickinson; Bob Dickinson; Roberta Dickinson; received B. Arch. degree from the University of Southern California; architect, sculptor; Quaker; lived in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania where he practiced architecture and participated in Quaker protest vigils and other nonviolent actions, and was arrested in 1971 and 1972; married to Meg Dickinson; occasionally signed his name as "Roberta Dickinson" on manuscript poetry and other writings.

Collection includes correspondence, newspaper clippings, documents relating to Dickinson's arrests, information about his resistance to the Vietnam War, the Harrisburg Eight, and war tax resistance. Includes references to specifications for his "My Lai" sculpture; also includes a poem signed "Roberta Dickinson" and photographs.

Doty, Hiram, 1913-1988
Papers Relating to Quaker History, 1756-1874.
28 folders.

Hi Doty was a convinced Friend active in peace and justice issues in the Philadelphia area. Born in Oklahoma in 1913, he moved to Chicago in the 1940's with his first wife, Margaret Mitchell. There he was imprisoned as a war resister during World War II and paroled to work for the Pacifist Research Bureau in Philadelphia. Later, he served as archivist for the American Friends Service Committee and helped to organize the Peace Collection of Swarthmore College.

This collection includes original manuscripts collected by Hi Doty relating to early Quaker involvement in Indian affairs from 1756 to 1821 and the Friendly Association. Of particular interest are documents concerning the settlement at Oneida and the Treaty of Easton. Correspondents include Tedyuscung, Nathaniel Holland, Frederick Post, John Hunt, William Cooper, Israel Chapin, William Savery, James Pemberton, and Joseph Elkinton. Also included in the collection are several letters written by 19th century Quakers on a variety of topics. Among the latter are eight letters received by Joel and Hannah E. Bean.

Rachel Davis DuBois (1892-1993) was a Quaker educator, writer, and a pioneer in interfaith and interracial dialogue and intercultural education.

This collection contains the personal papers of Rachel Davis DuBois, including correspondence, writings, her work with interracial, intercultural, and interfaith projects, personal logs and notes, and miscellaneous material.

Elkinton Family Doukhobor Collection
Collected Papers, 1884-
15 linear in.

The Doukhobors (also spelled Dukhobors) are a pacifist sect. They originated in

Russia

but were forced to emigrate in 1898 due to their refusal to bear arms for the Tsar. They now live primarily in western

Canada

, but some also remained in

Russia

. In the late 1930s their leader, Peter P. Verigin, created an organization known as the Union of Spiritual Communities of Christ, also known as the Orthodox Doukhobors, which has maintained the tradition of Doukhobor cultural activities. The Elkinton Family, a prominent Philadelphia (Pa.) Quaker family, and other members of the Society of Friends in

Canada

and the

United States

have offered moral and material assistance to the Doukhobors because of the connection of their beliefs in pacifism and simplicity. Joseph Elkinton (center) is pictured with a Doukhobor family, circa 1902.

Includes correspondence between members of the Elkinton family and Doukhobors in Canada, 1899-1999; writings of Elkinton family members about the Doukhobors; biographical information about David Cope Elkinton; other correspondence by and about the Doukhobors; books, pamphlets, and manuscripts by and about the Doukhobors including books by Claude Laing Fisher, David C. Henderson, Basil Pozdynakov, Koozma J. Tarasoff, and Joseph S. Elkinton; administrative files of the Society of Friends' Doukhobor Committee (under the care of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting), 1903-1921; scrapbooks, photographs, and memorabilia.

Initiated in late 1935 by the American Friends Service Committee and other pacifists; originally planned as a two-year campaign to rally peace, religious, labor, African-American and student groups; aim was to organize a national campaign to promote peace principles in the face of preparation for war in Europe, and to keep the United States out of war; may have been preceded by the Emergency Peace Committee (1931-1933), though this has not been documented. The first EPC office opened in Feb. 1, 1936. Ray Newton served as Executive Director; other staff members were Baruch Braunstein, Harold Chance, and Kirby Page. The EPC disbanded at the end of 1937, its work continued by the National Peace Conference.

Includes minutes, reports of field workers and peace caravans, correspondence, financial records, pledges of abstinence from war, publications, clippings, local peace council materials, and files of five of the campaign's twenty area offices (Kansas City, New York City, St. Louis, Chicago, and Michigan). Correspondents include Devere Allen, Emily Greene Balch, Ellen Starr Brinton, Smedley Butler, Richard E. Byrd, Dorothy Detzer, Paul H. Douglas, W.E.B. DuBois, Clark M. Eichelberger, Harold E. Fey, Harry Emerson Fosdick, John Haynes Holmes, Jessie Wallace Hughan, Cordell Hull, Hannah Clothier Hull, Edwin C. Johnson, Abraham Kaufman, Robert M. LaFollette, Frederick Libby, William O. Mendenhall, Tracy Mygatt, Ray Newton, Reinhold Niebuhr, Mildred Scott Olmsted, Francis S. Onderdonk, Kirby Page, Albert W. Palmer, Jeannette Rankin, Eleanor Roosevelt, Maude Royden, John Nevin Sayre, Guy W. Solt, Charles P. Taft, Norman Thomas, Norman J. Whitney, E. Raymond Wilson, and Stephen S. Wise.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID

LOCATION: Peace Collection Document Group 12; Microfilm reels 72.1-72.190

The Emergency Peace Committee was sponsored by several peace organizations, including the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, the American Friends Service Committee, and the Fellowship of Reconciliation, for the purpose of coordinating and furthering peace ideas. Committee meetings were held in New York, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C. The Emergency Peace Committee may have been a predecessor of the Emergency Peace Campaign. The aims of the two organizations were similar, and many individuals, including John Nevin Sayre, Dorothy Detzer, Ray Newton, and Norman Thomas were active in both groups.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

Evans, Edward Wyatt

Edward W. Evans (1882-1976); Quaker leader and lawyer active in educational and peace programs of the Society of Friends.

Wyatt papers in the Peace Collection:
Papers, 1916-1922.
1.25 linear ft.
Scattered correspondence and miscellaneous records of various peace organizations including American Friends Service Committee executive committee minutes and bulletins; Fellowship of Reconciliation executive committee minutes, memos, financial statements, and newsletters; completed applications for American Friends Reconstruction Unit; and minutes (1919-1922) of Peace Committee of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting. Much of the correspondence is by Evans and includes information on American Friends Reconstruction Unit (1917-1918), Conference of Christian Pacifists (1917-1918), All Friends Conference held in London (1920); and the publication The World Tomorrow. Includes typescripts treating special concerns of Quakerism and material relating to the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting. Correspondents include Roger N. Baldwin, Gilbert A. Beaver, William C. Biddle, Henry J. Cadbury, Noble S. Elderkin, Walter G. Fuller, Floyd Hardin, Henry T. Hodgkin, Paul Jones, Rufus M. Jones, Mary Kelsey, Scott Nearing, Vincent D. Nicholson, Anne Garrett Walton Pennell, Norman Thomas, Wilbur K. Thomas, Robert Whitaker, L. Hollingsworth Wood, and Walter C. Woodward.

Wyatt papers in Friends Historical Library:
Papers, 1938-1951
7 linear feet
This collection contains the papers of Edward W. Evans compiled largely while he was the Secretary of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting (1938-1946), with some additions by his immediate successor, Howard G. Taylor. The papers contain materials from Evans’ activities as Secretary and also from the committees on which he served during the period from 1938-1950. Included are documents pertaining to Philadelphia Yearly Meeting and ecumenical groups such as the Philadelphia Federation of Churches to the World Council of Churches. Much of the collection is concerned with World War II and the role of Quakers as conscientious objectors. This includes papers relating to Civilian Public Service. There is also a considerable amount of paperwork from the Friends Committee on National Legislation, which was responsible for bringing Quaker interests, especially conscientious objection, before the federal government. Correspondents include Clarence Pickett (AFSC) and Paul Furnas (FCNL). This collection is significant in its documentation of pacifist attitudes and the ways in which the Society of Friends was active during the Second World War.

Evans, Joshua, 1731-1798
Papers, ca. 1788-ca. 1804.
2 boxes (7 vols.) ; 1 linear ft.

Joshua Evans, a Quaker minister and abolitionist, was born in West Jersey, a member of Haddonfield Monthly Meeting. About the year 1754, he experienced a religious conversion and thereafter devoted his life to sharing his rigorous interpretation of the Gospel through an ascetic and pious life style and simple ministry. Barely educated, he nevertheless was acknowledged as a minister by Haddonfield Monthly Meeting in 1759. Evans was a vegetarian and a fervent proponent of the peace testimony, Quaker plainness, and ending slavery. In 1798, he traveled through the southern states condemning slavery in the strongest terms. Returning to New Jersey, he died in July 1798.

This collection contains the autobiography (1731-1993) of Joshua Evans and portions of the journals, kept while traveling in the ministry among Friends in New Jersey, New York, the South, and elsewhere, mostly in the period 1794-1798. The copies of the journal in manuscript were made possibly by George Churchman and Abraham Warrington. One volume is considered an original manuscript in the hand of Joshua Evans. Also included are letters, mounted in a letterbook, mostly to Joshua's wife, by Quakers at whose homes Evans stayed while on his religious visits. Evans is representative of the radical, "primitive" Quaker tradition and reflects the diversity of late eighteenth century Quakerism.

Expressions of Quaker Conscientious Objection: Research Opportunities
at Swarthmore College

A web site by Anne Yoder, Archivist of the Swarthmore College Peace Collection, about Quaker conscientious objectors.

Charles Fager; Chuck Fager; Quaker writer, publisher, educator, and activist; graduated from Colorado State University and attended Harvard Divinity School. After working for the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in Selma, Alabama, he performed

Vietnam

conscientious objector alternative service at Friends World College in 1966. He left FWC the following year, devoting his time to writing and freelance work. In the mid 1980s Fager started Kimo Press, a small publishing operation, and began to edit A Friendly Letter, an independent Quaker periodical which was discontinued in early 1993. In 1994, Chuck Fager joined the staff of Pendle Hill, a Quaker center for study and contemplation near Philadelphia, as coordinator of the Pendle Hill Issues Program.

The collection includes the personal papers of Charles E. Fager, as well as the records of Kimo Press and A Friendly Letter. The collection reflects his interest in Quaker organizations and concerns.

Organized into ten series: 1. A Friendly Letter; 2. Topical Folders; 3. Kimo Press/Quaker catalogs; 4. Fleecing the Faithful; 5. The Friends United Meeting/"Realignment" controversy, 1990-1993; 6. AFSC: Quaker concerns and critiques, 1961-1993; 7. Friends Bible Conference, 1989; 8. CPS Oral history project; 9. Other Quaker organizations; 10. Miscellaneous correspondence and personal files.

Fair Housing Council of Suburban Philadelphia
Records, 1956-2000
19.5 linear ft.

Fair Housing Council of Suburban Philadelphia; a private, non-profit group working since 1956 to promote freedom of residence; works for compliance with fair housing laws in the Pennsylvania counties of Delaware, Montgomery, Chester, and Bucks. Previous names: Friends Suburban Housing, Inc., Suburban Fair Housing, Inc., Fair Housing Council of Delaware County, Inc. Founded under the auspices of the Society of Friends (Quakers).

Includes annual reports, correspondence, administrative files, newspaper clippings, periodicals, publicity materials, and subject files.

The Ferris family was a Quaker family of Wilmington, Delaware. They were active in a variety of social reform causes.

The collection contains correspondence, journals and other writings, business and legal papers, and miscellaneous papers. This collection includes a great variety of family correspondence that reveals much about the life of a Quaker family in Wilmington and of the reform activities of members of the Society of Friends, especially in the areas of abolition and peace.

Ross Flanagan; Quaker activist, absolute pacifist, advocate of neighborhood conflict resolution programs.

Ross Flanagan; papers document Flanagan's involvement with Quaker-sponsored

peacemaking projects. The Friends Mississippi Project (1964-1965) provided material assistance in the reconstruction of African-American churches which had been damaged by anti-civil rights disturbances. A Quaker Action Group (AQAG) shipped token amounts of medical supplies for the relief of Vietnam War victims (1965-1969), including a voyage of the yacht Phoenix to North Vietnam . The Quaker Project on Community Conflict, CLASP (Citizens Local Alliance for a Safer Philadelphia) and the Block Association of West Philadelphia (1966-1978) were neighborhood safety programs which provided training for nonviolent conflict resolution. Some items from SNAP (Safer Neighborhoods are Possible) are also included. There is one item from the Interfaith Peacemakers Association. Papers include correspondence, memos, progress reports, news releases, financial reports, newspaper clippings, and photos. Correspondents include Herbert Huffman, Stewart Meacham, Frances E. Neely, David L. Newlands, Lawrence Scott, Lee Stern, Ellie Wegener, and George Willoughby. The photo at right shows Flanagan giving an offering for peace at the Pentagon in 1967.

Organized in one series. Documents are arranged chronologically by project, then chronologically within each project.

Flushing Monthly Meeting (Monthly Meeting of New York)
Collection of Sufferings of Flushing Friends during the American Revolution, 1775-1789
2 folders

Flushing, New York, was occupied by the British during the Revolutionary War. In accordance with the Quaker peace testimony, Flushing Friends did not participate in the war effort, refusing to lend support to either side. As a result, a number of them suffered confiscation of property.

Contains a document listing the Sufferings of Friends belonging to Flushing Monthly Meeting given to the Committee appointed to inspect the Sufferings of Friends, 1782. Also, accounts submitted by individuals and related epistles, 1775 and 1778, from London and Philadelphia Yearly Meetings.

Flushing Peace Society (Flushing, New York)
Records, 1923-1944 (bulk, 1923-1933)
2 linear inches

Flushing Peace Society; located in Flushing, New York, N.Y.; founded in 1923 by Grace Keese Hubbard, a Quaker, to keep the United States out of war, to promote peace among nations, races and classes, and to carry on active educational work for that purpose; ceased possibly around 1944.

Includes correspondence, minutes (1923-1926), memorial tributes to Grace Keese Hubbard (d. 1933), and newspapers clippings. Correspondents include Frederick J. Libby and Grace Keese Hubbard.

Theodore Foulk and his wife Mabel Foulk, a Quaker, provided funds for the use of the

United States

government to provide civilian relief; to the American Friends Service Committee for European relief work; and directly to French Ambassador Jusserand to aid and educate French war orphans.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Frankford Friends Forum Committee (Green Street Monthly Meeting of Friends (Philadelphia, Pa.))
Records, 1930-1980, (Bulk 1940-1950).
30 folders (in 3 boxes).

The Frankford Friends Forums were hosted by the Frankford Friends Forum Committee under the care of Green Street Monthly Meeting. They were held approximately six times a year in the meeting house at Unity & Waln Streets, in the Frankford section of Philadelphia. The Forums would often feature a lecture on social issues, economics, peace, justice, or politics.

Records of the Frankford Friends Forum Committee, 1930-80. The bulk of the material in this collection is from the files of Walter Cook Longstreth, the Forum organizer from 1930-51. The records include correspondence files and lecture summaries. Lecturers included Henry J. Cadbury, Bayard Rustin, Douglas Steere, William Wister Comfort, Rachel Davis DuBois, Clair Wilcox, E. Raymond Wilson, Scott Nearing, and many others.

Charles E. Frantz, conscientious objector in World War II; served in Civilian Public Service as a smoke-jumper; imprisoned for refusal to register for the peacetime draft in 1949; graduate of Earlham College (B.A. 1950), Haverford College (M.A. 1951) and the University of Chicago (Ph.D. 1958); professor of anthropology at SUNY-Buffalo.

Collection includes biographical information; letters from Frantz to his parents while he was in Civilian Public Service, 1944-1946, and 1947-1950; information about his refusal to register for the peacetime draft (Selective Service Act of 1948), and subsequent federal court proceedings and his 1949 imprisonment; newspaper clippings about draft refusers at Earlham College, 1949; a copy of Frantz's FBI file and correspondence relating to it, 1978-1980; and Frantz's writings about the Dukhobors, a pacifist sect.

Frazier Family papers (Elizabeth Pearsall Frazier Family Papers)
Papers, 1769-1914 (bulk, 1807-1848)
.5 linear feet

This small collection of Quaker family papers appears to have been collected and preserved by Elizabeth Pearsall Frazier (1869-1957) and her daughter, Elizabeth P. Frazier (b. 1902).

Included in the miscellaneous papers collected by the family are printed materials from the American Convention for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery, and the Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery Society, (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania).

Harrop Freeman; Quaker; lawyer and professor; expert on conscription law; opposed conscription, favored amnesty and arms control; helped found the Emergency Peace Campaign, the Pacifist Research Bureau, the Central Committee for Conscientious Objectors, and the War Resisters League.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: U.S.
also Friends Historical Library Pamphlet Group 7

Papers of Dean Freiday, including correspondence, manuscript writings, and other miscellaneous records. The collection reflects a wide range of Freiday's involvement in numerous Christian organizations and discussion groups especially the National Council of Churches of Christ, Friends General Conference, and the Commission on Faith and Order. Correspondents include Arthur Roberts, Douglas Steere, and Larry Miller. Topics range from the Society of Friends to interfaith issues of ecumenism, eschatology, peace, and the sacraments.

Friendly Association for Regaining and Preserving Peace with the Indians by Pacific Measures
Records, 1758-1762.
ca. 1 in.

Association of Quakers, Mennonites, and other sectarians in Pennsylvania, formed to serve as an intermediary between the Delaware Indians, colonial governments, and British authorities.

Correspondence, including that with civil and military authorities, accounts of preliminary meetings with Indian delegates, and invoices, relating to the Treaty of Easton.

Volunteer medical aid group; ran field hospitals and medical camps as well as ambulance services; created in 1914 by Friends at Haverford college to offer aid to war victims in France and Belgium; reformed in 1939 to offer aid all over Europe, Asia, and Africa; some collaboration with the American Friends Service Committee; continued for a time after the war.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Gt

Britain

also Friends Historical Library PG 3

Friends Committee for Reconciliation and Church Reconstruction. Mississippi Project Financial Records
1964-1967

In response to the 1964 bombing of 44 black churches in Mississippi, Philadelphia and New York Yearly Meetings coordinated a joint effort to rebuild the destroyed churches and to attempt to foster racial reconciliation in the area. The project sent Lawrence and Viola Scott to Jackson, Mississippi as Quaker representatives. By 1966, the group had rebuilt 33

Records, primarily financial, of the Mississippi Project on Church Reconstruction and Reconciliation, a joint project of the Philadelphia and New York Yearly Meetings. Includes accounts, invoices, receipts, checks and bank statements, as well as invoices and correspondence for the Education Committee of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting regarding publications, supplies, and Pendle Hill pamphlets

Arose from a 1973 concern at the half-yearly meeting of Arizona Friends; goal of influencing Arizona state law with Friends’ concerns.

Friends Committee on National Legislation (

U.S.

)
Records, 1940-[Ongoing].
198 linear ft.

Quaker lobby established in 1943 to bring conscience and spiritual values to the political process in Washington; grew out of the work of Friends War Problems Committee.

Chiefly correspondence and reference files including materials about and correspondence with other organizations including American Friends Service Committee, A Quaker Action Group, Friends Coordinating Committee on Peace, and other organizations of the Society of Friends; information on Central Committee for Conscientious Objectors, Committee for Nonviolent Action, Consultative Peace Council, Federal Council of Churches (later National Council of Churches), Fellowship of Reconciliation, National Council for Prevention of War, National Peace Conference, National Service Board for Religious Objectors, SANE, and Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; material of and relating to FCNL staff members including E. Raymond Wilson, Edward F. Snyder, George I. Bliss, Wilmer A. Cooper, Jeanette Hadley, Charles H. Harker, and Frances E. Neely; records and correspondence of several affiliated committees including Friends Committee on Legislation of Northern California, Friends Committee on Legislation, Southern California Section, and Illinois-Wisconsin Friends Committee on Legislation; records of Friends War Problems Committee; and material from Civilian Public Service Fund Committee of the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting (1941-1946). Includes reference files relating to disarmament, conscription, universal military training, conscientious objection, pacifism, United Nations,

Vietnam

war, civil liberties, civil rights, food supply, and Indian rights.

Correspondents include Stephen L. Angell, Emile Benoit, Charles J. Darlington, Thomas A. Foulke, Paul Comly French, Hugh B. Hester, Dorothy H. Hutchinson, J. Stuart Innerst, Homer A. Jack, Samuel R. Levering, Mary Cushing Niles, Philip Noel-Baker, Victor Paschkis, Lawrence Scott, Annalee Stewart, John M. Swomley, and George Willoughby.

Friends’ Conference on Disarmament (Germantown, Ohio : Mar. 13-16, 1958)
1 folder (.125 in.)
Pamphlet.

Friends Conflict Resolution Programs
Records, 1974-[ongoing].
4 linear feet.

Began as an attempt to utilize Quaker insights to address and solve disputes in local communities. Initially named the Friends Mediation Service, the Friends Conflict Resolution Programs acquired its current title in 1991. Its mediators work with both Quaker and non-Quaker organizations and communities and have published two manuals, The Mediator's Handbook (1982), Peacemaking In Your Neighborhood (1987), and School Mediation Trainers' Manual (1995) . In 1998, at the time of the reorganization of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, the Friends Conflict Resolution Programs were placed under the Peace and Concerns Standing Committee.

Divided into series: I. Administrative files; II. Programs and Case Files; III. Publications; IV. Miscellaneous. Friends Conflict Resolution Programs, part of the Friends Suburban Project from 1977 to 1983,. Includes financial and other administrative files, programs and case files, and material related to the publication of the Mediator's Handbook, 1974-1991. Divided into series: I. Administrative files; II. Programs and Case Files; III. Publications; IV. Miscellaneous. The Philadelphia Yearly Meeting Records Committee restrict access to certain materials with implications for personal privacy. Details available in the repository.

Friends Coordinating Committee on Peace (

U.S.

)
Collection, 1951-1987.
5 linear in.

Umbrella organization dedicated to promoting peace and the peace testimony; includes various committees, organizations, and meetings; representatives from the following Quaker organizations: American Friends Service Committee; Friends Committee on National Legislation; Friends World Committee for Consultation; Board on Peace and Social Concerns (Five Years Meeting); Peace and Social Order Committee (Friends General Conference); and Friends Peace Committee (Philadelphia Yearly Meeting) formed the Friends Coordinating Committee. It served liaison, coordination, and clearinghouse purposes for the constituent groups. It worked for the development and promotion of ideas and activities in peace work.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Collected Document Groups, U.S.
and Friends Historical Library: Pamphlet Group 3

Founded in Great Britain in 1918 to oversee the establishment of Quaker embassies around the world; oversaw British Friends’ relief work after World War I and World War II, as well as other projects in international service.

Based in Louisville, Kentucky; non-profit umbrella group founded in 1977; promotes peace education, cooperative housing, and school reform.
Pamphlets, letters.

Friends' Emergency & War Victims' Relief Committee (London,

England

)
1 folder (.125 in.)

British organization of Friends dedicated to easing the suffering brought on by World War I, especially famine in

Russia

in the early 1920s.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain.

Started in 1981 when the American Friends Service Committee had to close its Minnesota office due to lack of funds; a peace resource for the midwest; notable programs include People Camp, Youth and Militarism, and the Mother’s Day March.

Committee of Friends General Conference; organizes peace meetings and activities at General Conference meetings.

Friends General Conference. Peace and Social Order Committee
1 folder (.25 in.)

Committee of Friends General Conference; focuses on issues relating to the peace testimony.

Began in the late 19^th century; organization to support British Friends teaching in secondary schools; concerned with religious, moral, and peace issues.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain

Organization of British Friends dedicated to using World War I as an opportunity for ministry at home.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain

Group of international Friends, notably from the American Friends Service Committee and the Friends Service Council (London) in Geneva from 1926 to 1939; supported the League of Nations and the Disarmament Conference; worked on the problem of stateless peoples.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Switzerland

Friends Meeting for Sufferings of Vietnamese Children
Records, 1966-1969.
4.8 linear ft.

Founded in 1966; also called Meeting for Sufferings of Vietnamese Children (MSVC); purpose was to bring injured and orphaned Vietnamese and Amerasian children to the United States for medical treatment, placement in foster homes, or permanent adoption; worked in cooperation with Welcome House in Doylestown, Pennsylvania, and with other organizations, including the Committee of Responsibility, the American Friends Service Committee, International Social Service, and Physicians for Social Responsibility; disbanded in October 1969.

Minutes (1966-1968), correspondence (1966-1969), mailings, newsletters, reports, questionnaires, clippings, photos, fund-raising information, card files, and reference material on Vietnam and adoptions, relating to the group's work to arrange permanent adoptions in the U.S. of orphaned Vietnamese and Amerasian children through the efforts of Morgan Sibbett and the cooperation of Welcome House, an adoption agency; provide foster care for war-injured and burned children brought to the U.S. for treatment and/or convalescence through the Committee of Responsibility; and explore ways of providing rehabilitation and education for school-age children in Vietnam. Includes papers of Morgan Sibbett and material relating to American Friends Service Committee, International Social Service, and Physicians for Social Responsibility. Correspondents include Barbara R. Burr, Jan De Hartog, Marjorie De Hartog, Rachel De Leeuw, Carla Dietz, Wendy Grant, Mary L. Graves, Ruth Hartsough, C. Frank Ortloff, Morgan Sibbett, and Phyllis B. Taylor.

Organized in eight series: I. Organization; II. Correspondence (except Finance); III. Adoption Documents/Lists; IV. Memoranda/Reports/Notes; V. Finance; VI. Reference Material about Adoption; VII. Card File (sample); VIII. Morgan Sibbett Papers, 1965-1976. Bulk of records are arranged in chronological order. One box of financial correspondence from Friends Meetings is in alphabetical order by Meeting.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 111.

Based in Wrightstown, New Jersey; non-profit, located next to Fort Dix; created in 1974; dedicated to providing understanding, information, and practical and moral support to people troubled or distressed as a result of being a part of the armed forces.

See also: Friends Committee for Reconciliation and Church Reconstruction. Mississippi Project Financial Records, Ross Flanagan papers.

Started in the summer of 1964; organized by New York Yearly Meeting, Pacific Yearly Meeting, and Philadelphia Yearly Meeting; consisted of teams of volunteers who went to Mississippi to restore and rebuild churches destroyed in the civil rights conflict there.

News article, pamphlet.

Photo at right: Quakers and a local volunteer rebuild Cedar Grove Baptist Church, Canton, Mississippi, which was bombed in 1964. Left to right: John Levy, D.J. Smith, Lawrence Scott, Robert Swann.

Friends National Conference on the Draft and Conscription (Richmond, Indiana : Oct. 11-13, 1968)
1 folder (.125 in.)

Organized by the Friends Coordinating Committee on Peace; called for Friends everywhere to refuse to cooperate with the Selective Service Act and to refuse to pay war taxes.

Friends National Conference on World Order (Richmond, Indiana : Oct. 23-25, 1961)
1 folder (.25 in.)

Statements, notes, reports, pamphlets.

LOCATION: Friends Historical Library: Pamphlet Group 3

Friends National Peace Committee (

U.S.

)
Collection, 1915-1918.
2.5 linear in.

A conference of Friends was held at Winona Lake, Indiana in 1915; from it was formed the Friends National Peace Committee, the predecessor of the American Friends Service Committee. Henry J. Cadbury was Chairman; Lucy Biddle Lewis was Secretary.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

Friends' Peace and International Relations Committee (London Yearly Meeting)
3 boxes (15 in.)

Began in the mid-1890s as a joint committee of the Meeting for Sufferings Committee and the Women’s Yearly Meeting Committee of London Yearly Meeting; heavily involved in all manner of Friend’s peace work, including work against conscription, in favor of international cooperation, against arms proliferation, in the alleviation of suffering peoples, in favor of disarmament, to further East-West dialogue during the Cold War, and towards the achievement of peace and justice.

Pamphlets, letters, minutes, newsletters, reports, news articles, manuscripts.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain

Discussed peace in and for the United States in the context of current events.

Friends Peace Teams Project. African Great Lakes Initiative
1 folder (.5 in.)

Created in 1998; dedicated to working with Burundi Yearly Meeting of Friends to help Friends in Africa deal with the conflict there; conducts trauma healing, non-violence, and Alternative to Violence Project workshops; organized the Kamenge Reconciliation and Reconstruction Project in 1999; ran the Uganda project in 2000; working on building a Trauma Healing and Reconciliation Center in Burundi as a long range project.

British organization of Friends dedicated to easing the suffering brought on by World War II throughout Europe. Began in 1940 to perform relief work in Britain . After World War II its service spread throughout Europe. Most notably provided clothing and emergency housing, especially for children, families, and the elderly.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain

Minutes and reports collected by the American Friends Service Committee, 1942-1947
LOCATION: Friends Historical Library: American Friends Service Committee, Friends International Service reference files, RG4/032, box 9

Formed in 1927 from the union of the Friend’s Foreign Mission Association and the European Branch of the Council for International Service; oversaw international work of London and Dublin Yearly Meetings, and international service in the British Isles; worked with the American Friends Service Committee during and after World War II, and won the 1947 Nobel Peace Prize along with that organization.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain and
Friends Historical Library: Pamphlet Group 3

British Quaker organization; publishers; part of the Friends’ Service Council.

Founded in 1927 in Geneva, Switzerland under the auspices of the International Service of the Society of Friends; a residential and educational setting for visiting students, both Friends and non-Friends, from all over the world.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Switzerland

Began in 1968; based on civil rights concerns in Philadelphia Yearly Meeting; a Quaker project on community peace and justice issues in Delaware and Chester counties, Pennsylvania; chiefly concerned with conditions in local prisons; work also includes civil rights and the abolition of the death penalty.

Friends War Problems Committee
1 folder (.125 in.)

Philadelphia-based organization; supported conscientious objectors.

Pamphlet.

Friends Washington Peace Headquarters
Collection, 1916.
3 linear in.

The Headquarters was opened in the Library of the Friends Meeting House, Washington, D.C., 1916. Its purpose was to enlist the

U.S.

Society of Friends against any increase in the army and navy by means of a writing campaign to members of Congress.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

Formed in 1961 from the Committee for a Quaker Peace Witness; organized a major march focused on disarmament in Washington D.C. from April 28 to May 1, 1962 which included a meeting with President Kennedy.

Minutes, financial records, correspondence, statements, releases, news articles, registration forms, misc. mss.

Friends World Committee for Consultation. Africa Section
1 folder (.125 in.)

Friends World Committee for Consultation. America Section
4 folders (6 in.)

Friends World Committee for Consultation in the Americas.

Friends World Committee for Consultation. European and Near East Section
1 folder (.125 in.)

Friends World Committee for Consultation in Europe and the Near East.

Pamphlets, letter.

Friends World Committee for Consultation. European Section
1 folder (.125 in.)

Friends World Conference (4th : Greensboro, North Carolina : July 24-Aug. 3, 1967)
2 folders (4 in.)

Included Friends from all over the world and many non-Friends as well; covered a wide range of topics, notably the Vietnam War, about which there were remarks by U Thant, the Secretary General of the United Nations; “probed into problems of all mankind” – Greensboro Daily News.

Pamphlets, guides, reports, songbook, programs, news articles, government documents, statements, attendance list.

J. William Frost; Jerry Frost; Emeritus Howard M. and Charles F. Jenkins Professor of Quaker History and Research, Swarthmore College, was born in Muncie, Indiana. He earned a BA at DePauw University, Greencastle, Ind., 1962, did postgraduate work at Yale Divinity School, 1962-63, and was awarded a M.A. (1965) and Ph.D (1968) from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Jerry was an Instructor and Assistant Professor of History at Vassar College from 1967-1973. He taught in the History and Religion departments of Swarthmore College from 1973 until his retirement in 2001. He also served as the Director of the Friends Historical Library and the Swarthmore College Peace Collection during that period, and was instrumental in the establishment of the Peace and Conflict Studies Concentration at the College. The author of many books and articles and lecturer on Quaker history and peace studies, Jerry Frost's work has profoundly influenced the understanding of Quaker history and the advancement of peace and conflict studies.

Sylllabi and other materials from the courses taught by Dr. Frost at Swarthmore College, his writings, miscellaneous correspondence, and other papers.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID

LOCATION: Friends Historical Library Archives, RG5/253

A. Ruth Fry; English Quaker peace activist and author. As a commissioner for the Friends War Victims Relief Committee in World War I, she traveled through Europe and

Russia

. She also served as secretary of the National Council for the Prevention of War and as treasurer of War Resisters' International.

Manuscripts and typescripts as well as published copies of Fry's works, reflecting her activities as writer, activist, and lecturer on international peace; autobiographical materials including sketch and several journals written during her travels in Russia, France, Morocco, and South Africa; scrapbook compiled by Fry; photos and clippings recording activities of Friends relief work in Europe (1918-1921); and other papers. Includes material relating to her work during and after World War I as honorary general secretary of the Friends War Victims Relief Committee (later Friends Emergency & War Victims Relief Committee), active role in international relief projects, secretary of National Council for Prevention of War, treasurer of War Resisters' International, and work with the Women's Peace Campaign. Correspondents include William A. Albright, Grace M. Beaton, and H. Runham Brown.

Organized in seven series. Important series are: I. Biographical information; III. Correspondence (1918-1948); IV. Writings by A. Ruth Fry (1905-1957).

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 46

Emil Fuchs (1874-1971) was the first Lutheran pastor to join the Social Democratic Party in Germany after World War I. He was a pacifist and became a member of the Society of Friends in 1925. Six years later he was appointed a Professor of Religious Science at Kiel, but was dismissed and briefly imprisoned by the Nazis.

The religious writings in this collection were prepared mostly in the 1930's and are in mimeographed form. The autobiographical work was revised and published as Mein Leben (Leipzig, 1957-59) and a shorter form was published in English as a Pendle Hill pamphlet, Christ in Catastrophe (Wallingford, Pa., 1949).

Fuson, Nelson
Nelson Fuson family papers, 1909-1996.
9 boxes and 1 box of photographs

Nelson Fuson was a physicist and educator, active in Quaker concerns. He was the son of American Presbyterian missionaries to China, Chester G. and Phebe M. Fuson, and spent most of his childhood in South China. After earning a Ph.D. in physics from University of Michigan, he was teaching at Rutgers University when drafted into World War II; he became a conscientious objector. Fuson hoped to do relief service in China, but the Civilian Public Service China Unit was never activated, and Fuson was assigned to camps in Maryland, Indiana, New York, and North Dakota. He also attended training in international administration at Columbia University, training intended to prepare military and civilians for post-war occupation. He married Marian Darnell in 1945, and both were active in the American Friends Service Committee, Friends General Conference, and other Quaker organizations. Fuson taught at Fisk University, Tennessee, from 1949 until his retirement.

The collection contains extensive correspondence and papers concerning Fuson's service as a conscientious objector in Civilian Public Service during World War II and evaluations of the program. As the child of missionaries to China and having spent most of his childhood there, he hoped to do relief service in China, and many of the papers deal with the CPS China Unit. In addition to the CPS material, Nelson and Marian Darnell Fuson were active in Quaker concerns, including participation in international seminars sponsored by the AFSC.

The Gandhi-Reynolds correspondence in the Swarthmore College Peace Collection: letters to and about Reginald Reynolds from Mahatma Gandhi, 1929-1946 (Online)

This online essay by Barbara E. Addison gives context and interpretation to twenty letters owned by the Swarthmore College Peace Collection which were written by Mohandas K. Gandhi to and about Reginald Reynolds (an English Quaker active in the Indian independence movement) during a crucial period in Gandhi's life and in modern Indian history: the Salt March and the beginning of the 1930 Indian civil disobedience campaign against the British empire. The article includes links to transcriptions and images of each letter, and to archival photographic, sound and newsreel resources.

Gandhian Foundation (United States)
Gandhian Foundation records, 1958-2000.
1 linear foot

Founded in 1958 by Thomas R. Evans, Robert W. Gilmore, Sheldon G. Weeks, and William A. DeLano as a nonprofit trust fund exclusively for religious, charitable, and educational purposes, to support study and research into nonviolent social change. Three of these trustees were Quakers. Charles Bloomstein was also a trustee. The office was headquartered at the New York Friends Group Inc. in New York City. By the end of the 1980s it had become inactive and the trustees transferred the Foundation to a group of Quakers in Philadelphia who were associated with Philadelphia Yearly Meeting. On December 20, 1990 it was reorganized with a new Board. Three trustees were elected: Lillian and George Willoughby and George Lakey. The office was moved to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It provided fiscal sponsorship to the Scholarship Project of Training for Change, a Philadelphia-based social change training center, and several other small groups engaged in experimental nonviolent social change. The Foundation also administered the Activist Retirement Fund, established by friends and supporters of Training for Change. In December 2004 the trustees were Michael Beer, George Willoughby, David Grant and John Lapham; the office was located in Deptford, New Jersey.

Collection includes: correspondence (including one folder of correspondence of Thomas R. Evans), financial records, reference materials from organizations seeking grants; two folders about the Quaker Project on Community Conflict, and four folders about the Bangladesh Shrimp Project.

Larry Gara; Conscientious objector to World War II, served three-year prison term as a result; professor of history and government at Bluffton College (Ohio) and Wilmington College (Ohio); Quaker; writes on war resistance, history of dissent, and anti-slavery movements.

Includes two typescripts: Amnesty and Reconciliation, and Peace Testimony: Root and Branch [annotated photocopy]; leaflet and periodical with mention of Gara’s conscientious objection; slide set titled Active Nonviolence.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Abby Hopper Gibbons (1801-1893), (Abigail Hopper Gibbons) daughter of Isaac T. Hopper (1771-1852), was an important figure in many of the reform movements of the mid- and late nineteenth centuries, especially abolition and her work with the Women's Prison Association and Isaac T. Hopper Home. In 1833, she married fellow Hicksite Quaker, James Sloan Gibbons (1810-1892), a member of the New York Yearly Meeting of Friends.

The collection offers a valuable resource to scholars of nineteenth century reform movements.

Robert Gilmore; pacifist and peace activist; Quaker; active in New York Friends Group, World Without War Council, Negotiation Now!, and many other organizations promoting peace and social change.

Includes correspondence, reports, memoranda, press releases, financial files, newsletters, reference files.

A charitable fund created by British Quakers in 1986; designed to remove income before taxes and divert it to peace building activities, thus decreasing the funding received by the British military.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain

Bruce Graves; Ruth Graves; Michigan Quakers; war tax resisters who were involved in a long legal battle with the Internal Revenue Service in the late 1970s.

Operated by the Canadian Friends Service Committee from 1964 to 1974, then the Canadian Peace Research institute until 1975, and then the Grindstone Island Peace Centre, Inc.; site of peace education, workshops, retreats, and the 1965 Grindstone Experiment in social defense.

Griscom, Anna Bassett, 1889-1974
Papers, Ca. 1914-1962.
2 linear ft. (2 boxes).

Anna Elkinton; Anna Griscom Elkinton was a prominent American Quaker, particularly active in the peace movement. She graduated from Friends Central School, Swarthmore College, and the University of Pennsylvania. She was an Executive Secretary of the Friends General Conference, Chairman of a committee to organize the Friends World Conference held at Swarthmore College in 1937, Chairman of the Friends Peace Committee of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, and a founder of the Fellowship of Reconciliation. She married J. Passmore Elkinton in 1931.

Correspondence, speeches and writings, and miscellaneous manuscripts of Anna B. Griscom. Of particular interest is material relating to Woodbrooke, a Quaker study center in England where she worked in 1914, and of the Friends World Conference in 1937.

Laszlo Hamori; born in Hungary in 1911, emigrated to Switzerland, and later to Sweden; associated with the Friends' Geneva Centre, the United Nations, the American Friends Service Committee Department of Research and Information in Geneva, the International Peace Bureau, and other peace organizations; member of the Society of Friends.

Includes correspondence, reports, minutes of meetings, publications, and newspaper clippings, primarily about Hamori's work with the United Nations. The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Robin Harper; b. 1928; American pacifist, Quaker, political activist; protested nuclear weapons and missile systems in the 1950s and 1960s; war tax resister since 1959; in a landmark 1975 case, won a long legal battle with the IRS that had lasted since 1968.

Papers include information about Robin Harper's war tax resistance, antinuclear protests, and protests against missiles at military bases, including the Prayer & Conscience Vigil, Washington DC, 1957; the Walk for Peace; the Omaha Action Against Nuclear Missile Policy, 1959; the Vigil at Fort Detrick, 1959-1961; the Committee for a Quaker Peace Witness, Washington DC, 1960; and other peace witness. Much of his activism took place in the Greater Philadelphia and mid-Atlantic regions. Includes photographs. Correspondents include Earle ReynoldsPapers include information about Robin Harper's war tax resistance, antinuclear protests, and protests against missiles at military bases, including the Prayer & Conscience Vigil, Washington DC, 1957; the Walk for Peace; the Omaha Action Against Nuclear Missile Policy, 1959; the Vigil at Fort Detrick, 1959-1961; the Committee for a Quaker Peace Witness, Washington DC, 1960; and other peace witness. Much of his activism took place in the Greater Philadelphia and mid-Atlantic regions. Includes photographs. Correspondents include Earle Reynolds.

Hornell Hart (1888-1967) was a Quaker and Professor of Sociology at Duke University.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Neil Haworth; Quaker; worked with the Omaha Action Group from 1959; imprisoned in 1960 for trespassing on a missile base; coordinator of the Everyman III project, which sailed into Leningrad to call for an end to Soviet nuclear testing in 1962; war tax resister from 1963; d. 1977.

Carl Heath; Convinced Quaker; teacher; secretary of the National Peace Council; conscientious objector in World War I; created the Quaker Embassies after World War One; concerned with military issues.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain

Theodore Hetzel; born in Germantown [Philadelphia], Pennsylvania; professor of engineering at Haverford College; executive secretary and general secretary of the Indian Rights Association; served on the Indian committees of the American Friends Service Committee and the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends.

One folder of material, primarily obituaries upon the death of Theodore Hetzel; some information about his peace activism; see also the Theodore Hetzel photograph collection.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Sam Hill; wealthy Quaker from North Carolina; failed effort to create a peaceful Quaker community turned into an art museum; built “American Stonehenge” in memory of local World War I dead; very concerned with having good roads.

Henry Hodgkin; Quaker; physician; involved in the Student Christian Movement; involved in the founding of the Fellowship of Reconciliation; secretary of the Friends Foreign Mission Association; involved in missionary and education work in China; one of the Secretaries of the National Christian Council of China from 1922 to 1929; Director of Studies at Pendle Hill until his death.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain

Detailed account of Hoffman's conscription into 304th Engineers, (based at an unnamed camp half way between Baltimore and Washington D.C.) and his experiences as a conscientious objector there and in

France

and

Belgium

(1918) working for the Friends Bureau Office of the American Red Cross.

William B. Webb was a druggist and member of Philadelphia Monthly Meeting of Friends (Hicksite). He married Rebecca Turner in 1853. Their youngest daughter, Rebecca St. Claire Webb, married Jessie Herman Holmes in 1892. Holmes was a prominent Quaker, taught philosophy and religion at Swarthmore College, and was active in AFSC relief in Europe after World War I. He also served as President of the National Federation of Religious Liberals and was an active member of the Socialist Party.

Includes correspondence of the Webb and Holmes families, journals of Jesse Herman and Rebecca W. Holmes, and other miscellaneous materials. Of particular interest is the correspondence between the Holmes during his trip overseas and several letters from S. R. Sharma concerning the early Indian self-determination movement and the work of Mahatma Gandhi from 1930 to 1934.

William Hubben; prominent Quaker educator, speaker, editor of Friends Intelligencer and later the Friends Journal, and author of books and articles in the fields of religion and literature. Before emigrating from

Germany

in 1933, he had been the editor of the German Quaker Monthly, Der Quaker. Born in

Germany

in 1895, William Hubben joined the small but growing movement of German Quakers in 1923 and participated in a number of international religious and peace conferences. In 1928 he was appointed principal of one of the largest public schools. His political involvement with the Social Democratic Party caused his dismissal in 1933 by Hitler's government. He emigrated to the

United States

with his wife, Maria, and children soon afterward, and in 1935 was named Director of Religious Interests at George School in Pennsylvania. He became the editor and manager of Friends Intelligencer in 1943, and remained as editor of its successor, Friends Journal, until 1963, and as contributing editor until his death in 1974. He was chosen by Friends World Committee as Quaker observer to the Vatican Council in 1962. He also taught from 1963 to 1973 at the William Penn Charter School in Philadelphia. His autobiography, Exiled Pilgrim, was published in 1943.

Correspondence (1906-1976), manuscript and published writings (1924-70), editorials, reviews, speeches, notes, pictures and memorabilia, and reference materials of William Hubben. Correspondents include C.F. Andrews, Pearl S. Buck, Henry J. Cadbury, Richard L. Cary, Fritz Eichenberg, Rufus M. Jones, Clarence Pickett, and Alexandra Tolstoy. Topics covered in his manuscript writings include German Catholicism and the rise of Hitler, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Russian Quakerism, Kafka, Dostoevsky, Kierkegaard, Soloviev, Russia, Vatican Council, and many other topics. Manuscript The Making of the Russian Mind is restricted. Consult curator for details.

Hannah Clothier Hull; Quaker absolute pacifist, suffrage leader, and policymaker and national officer of Women's International League for Peace and Freedom.

Correspondence (1892-1956), speeches, articles and manuscript notes (1925-1958), biographical materials, family papers (1891-1911), clippings, and photos. Correspondence chiefly relates to Hull's activities with Women's International League for Peace and Freedom and contains substantial exchanges with Jane Addams, Emily Greene Balch, Carrie Chapman Catt, and Dorothy Detzer. Includes materials relating to the WILPF including financial statements, press releases, programs and invitations from the Geneva Disarmament Conference (1932), and files documenting attacks on the WILPF (1924-1937) and its relations with National Council of Women (1924-1925); pamphlets on woman suffrage (1909-1913), proceedings of several women's conferences in India (1927-1928); and information on the development of Swarthmore College Peace Collection (formerly Jane Addams Peace Collection), Senator Gerald P. Nye's munitions investigations, and rescue attempts of German political emigrés. Other correspondents include Alice Hamilton, Lida Gustava Heymann, Lola Maverick Lloyd, Lucia Ames Mead, Jeannette Rankin, Rosika Schwimmer, Anna Garlin Spencer, Ellen Gates Starr, and Mary E. Woolley.

Entire collection excluding one folder of correspondence available on microfilm (6 reels.) Available on interlibrary loan from the Swarthmore College Peace Collection.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 16 ; use microfilm, Reels 75.1-75.6.

William I. Hull, a Quaker pacifist, taught history at Swarthmore College from 1892 until his death in 1939. He was the Librarian of Friends Historical Library and also authored numerous books and articles, particularly on the subjects of Quakers in Holland, William Penn, peace, and international relations. Hull was born in Baltimore, attended Friends' schools and John Hopkins University, and married Hannah Hallowell Clothier in 1898.

Correspondence (1900-1939), diaries (1892-1939), published and unpublished writings, papers relating to conferences and committees in which he participated, reference materials, and study and teaching notes. Of particular interest are his notes on the history of Quakerism in Holland, including files on persons and places as well as a translation of the minutes of Friesland Monthly Meeting of Friends (1677-1701), and a two-volume manuscript of his unpublished history of Swarthmore College. His correspondence primarily concerns his peace activities, particularly his efforts toward limitation of armaments and an advocacy of international arbitration. Correspondents include Jane Addams, Devere Allen, Fannie Fern Andrews, Jacob Billikopf, Percy H. Boynton, Thomas S. Butler, Merle Curti, Paul H. Douglas, Anna Griscom Elkinton, Edward W. Evans, Abraham Flexner, Edwin Ginn, Sidney L. Gulick, Henry S. Haskell, J. Franklin Jameson, George W. Kirchwey, Henry Goddard Leach, Frederick J. MacFarland, George W. Nasmyth, Norman Penny, Elihu Root, L.S. Rowe, Joseph Swain, Benjamin Franklin Trueblood, Oswald Garrison Villard, Thomas Raeburn White, Janet P. Whitney, Richard R. Wood, and Stanley R. Yarnell. Organizations in which he was active with which he communicated include the American Peace Society, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, the Church Peace Union, Fellowship of Reconciliation, the Women's Peace Party, and the World Peace Foundation.

Dorothy Hutchinson was a Quaker devoted to peace causes, as well as a civil rights activist, internationalist, writer, and lecturer. She was a founding member of the Peace Now Movement during World War II, president of the U.S. Section of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom from 1961 to 1965, and international president of WILPF from 1965 to 1968.

The Dorothy Hutchinson papers include a manuscript of her autobiography, other writings, speeches, correspondence, and much material and related correspondence about the Peace Now Movement, the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, and the Society of Friends. There are also photographs and a subject file. Correspondents include Gertrud Baer, Edith Ballantyne, Elise Boulding, Stephen G. Cary, John A. Collett, Johanne Reutz Gjermoe, George W. Hartmann, Dorothy Hickie, Fujiko Isono, A.J. Muste, Sushila Nayar, Mercedes M. Randall, and Bessie Simon.

Important series are: I. Biographical; II. By Dorothy Hutchinson; IV. Peace Now Movement (1943-1944); V. Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; VI. Society of Friends activities. Documents are arranged in chronological order.

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LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 125.

J. Stuart Innerst; Clergyman, missionary, Quaker, writer, and lobbyist; missionary in Canton, China (1920-1927); left China, returning to a position as chaplain at Otterbein College in Ohio and minister of the Fairview Church in Dayton, Ohio; served as lobbyist for Friends Committee on National Legislation in Washington D.C. in the early 1960s; worked to improve United States policies toward China.

Correspondence (1928-1975), sermons (1927-1959), typescripts of articles, speeches, personal writings and meditations, subject files, newspapers, pamphlets, clippings, and photos, relating to Innerst's work as missionary in Canton, China (1920-1927), college chaplain at Otterbein College (1927-1939) and other pastorates before becoming a Quaker (1943), pastor of First Friends Church in Pasadena, Calif., editor of American Friends Service Committee's Understanding China Newsletter, and lobbyist for Friends Committee on National Legislation. Includes subject files reflecting his concern with civil liberties, pacifism, Indochina, nuclear testing, world disarmament, capital punishment, and formulation of a new China policy, and China Spectator Papers (1971-1973) contrasting his observations on the China of his missionary days with the People's Republic of China. Correspondents include Jennifer Haines, Charles H. Harker, Chet Holifield, Clare Sturges Johnson, A.J. Muste, Reinhold Niebuhr, Kirby Page, Drew Pearson, Edwin A. Sanders, Edward F. Snyder, Norman Thomas, Arthur J. Wadsworth, and E. Raymond Wilson.

International Arms Trade Action Group
Collected records, 1994-1995.
1 linear inch

International Arms Trade Action Group ; in 1994, the Friends Committee on National Legislation, in cooperation with Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends, chose Delaware County, Pennsylvania (most of which is in the Seventh Congressional District) as a target for action against politicians and companies involved with the international arms trade: its goal was to restrict, and eventually stop, the worldwide trafficking in "conventional" but deadly weapons; the group, comprised primarily but not solely of Quakers, was to exist for no more than two years; it disbanded in 1995.

Collection includes correspondence, meeting agendas, minutes and notes, flyers, and reference material.
Correspondents include Alison D. Oldham, J. Tucker Taylor, Willard C. Richan, and Curt Weldon.

Created by Philadelphia Yearly Meeting (Race Street) to bring people of different races to work together to try to eliminate prejudices and injustices.

Dr. O. Edward Janney (1856-1930) was a prominent Quaker physician from Baltimore who was active in many of the social reform movements of his time, including temperance, woman suffrage, inter-racial relations, and peace.

The collection contains correspondence (1874-1945), diary (1914), memoirs, speeches, writings, memorabilia and photos of Dr. O.E. Janney and his wife, Anne B. (Webb) Janney, of Baltimore, Md. The papers include his work with various organizations including the Advancement Committee of Friends General Conference, Baltimore Yearly Meeting, and the American Friends Service Committee, and Woolman School. Subjects include education, health, and hygiene of children, morality, peace, religion, and temperance.

Jenkins, T. Atkinson (Thomas Atkinson), 1868-1935
London Conference Project Research Papers, 1917-1919.
ca. 100 items.

Chiefly correspondence, questionnaires, notes, clippings, and other papers, relating to Jenkins's collection of information on Friends' attitudes to the Mexican and Civil wars, information which was designed to be part of the reassessment of the Quaker peace testimony in preparation for the first Friends World Conference (London, 1920). Also includes bibliography of Jenkins's writings on French language and literature.

T. Canby Jones; Quaker; interested in issues of war and peace, and in the direction of Quakerism and Christianity; professor of religion and philosophy at Wilmington College; editor of Quaker Religious Thought; visited Japan, Korea, and Taiwan in 1971 on behalf of the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting Japan Committee and the Friends World Committee for Consultation.

also Friends Historical Library PG 7

Kantor, William Marx
Collected Papers, Ca. 1917-1920.
2.5 linear in.

William Kantor, born of Russian Jewish parents in Philadelphia in 1893, became a socialist and an absolutist conscientious objector to World War I. He was imprisoned for his pacifist convictions and became acquainted with members of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers). Kantor eventually became a convinced Friend. His imprisonment sites included Camp Meade, Fort Jay, Fort Leavenworth, and Alcatraz, from which he was dishonorably discharged in 1919.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Mary Kelsey; pacifist, suffragist, member of the Society of Friends in New York, relief worker with the American Friends Reconstruction Unit, executive secretary (1923-1925) of the Honfleur conferences (held in France).

Includes miscellaneous correspondence; two oversize scrapbooks (ca. 1914-1919) which contain correspondence (some with her relative, Kate Kelsey); articles and half-tone images from U.S. and foreign periodicals about World War I; small posters; sheet music; and material about Woodrow Wilson's 1916 presidential campaign and the Women's March for Woodrow Wilson in Washington D.C., ca. 1917; also small amounts of secondary material relating to the American Friends Service Committee, the Fellowship of Reconciliation, the Arbitration and Peace Society of Pennsylvania, the American Union Against Militarism, the U.S. Democratic Party and the American Friends Reconstruction Unit.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Leonard S. Kenworthy; author of the “Speaks” series of pamphlets about the ideas of major literary, political, and religious figures.

Richard Knottenbelt; British Quaker; lived in Rhodesia; edited the Rhodesian Fellowship of Reconciliation newsletter for nine years; imprisoned for refusing to comply with the national military service; then went to England where he was a correspondent for the Rhodesian Fellowship of Reconciliation newsletter for five years.

Margarethe Lachmund; German Quaker; Recording Clerk of Germany Yearly Meeting; Member of the Peace Committee of Germany Yearly Meeting; worked to lessen tensions between East and West Germany and also with other Eastern European nations; received an honorary degree from Haverford College in 1973.

Lake Mohonk Conference on International Arbitration
Records, 1895-1937, Bulk 1895-1918.
101.5 linear ft.

Annual conference (1895-1916) held at Mohonk Mountain House,

Ulster

County, N.Y.; conference for 1917 was planned but not held; at their height, conferences attracted 300 leaders of government, business, religion, the press, and education; purpose of the conferences was to create and direct public sentiment in favor of international arbitration, arbitration treaties, and an international court. The Conferences were convened by the Quaker Smiley family. Alfred and Albert Smiley are pictured at right.

Proceedings, correspondence (1895-1937), conference invitations with acceptances and rejections, correspondence and prize essays from the Pugsley Prize competitions (a national college essay and oratorical contest), scrapbooks of clippings, and circulars and other material sent to colleges and universities. Correspondents include Lyman Abbott, Hannah J. Bailey, Fredrik Bajer, E.W. Blatchford, Cephas Brainerd, Nicholas Murray Butler, John Clifford, Theodore L. Cuyler, W. Evans Darby, Charles W. Eliot, Paul d'Estournelles de Constant, Mary Frost Evans, John W. Foster, E.M. Gallaudet, John B. Garrett, Edwin Ginn, Edward E. Hale, Edward A. Horton, Alfred H. Love, Edwin D. Mead, Robert Treat Paine, Frederic Passy, Joseph W. Pease, Harry Clinton Phillips, Hodgson Pratt, Friedrich Siegmund-Schultze, Albert K. Smiley, Daniel Smiley, A.R. Spofford, Benjamin F. Trueblood, and Herbert Welsh.

George Lakey combined the roles of pacifist, activist, teacher, and writer. He was imprisoned for civil rights sit-ins; he taught at the Martin Luther King School of Social Change, Haverford College, and the University of Pennsylvania. He co-chaired A Quaker Action Group and was project director of the voyage of the Phoenix, a sailing ship which transported medical supplies to North and

South Vietnam

during the Vietnamese Conflict.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Wayne Lauser; Quaker; conscientious objector during the Vietnam War; walked 500 miles from Cleveland to Washington D.C. to turn in the draft cards that allowed him to be a conscientious objector and to cancel his registration with the Selective Service; served one year in prison.

Muriel Lester; b. Leytonstone, Essex, England in December 1883; a founder of Kingsley Hall, a settlement house in London, in 1914; socialist, pacifist, and early supporter of Mohandas K. Gandhi; became traveling secretary for the International Fellowship of Reconciliation in 1934; pacifist and socialist; d. 1968.

An initiative originating in the Orange Grove Monthly Meeting Peace Committee in 1962; a nationwide program of intensive unstructured letter writing for the cause of peace four times a year; project included letters to U.S. organizations and officials, and also letters to Russians.

Miriam Levering; Quaker; one of the founders of Church Center for the United Nations; secretary of the Ocean Education Project; vice chairman of the Policy Committee of the Friends Committee on National Legislation; represented the Friends World Committee for Consultation at the UN Law of the Sea conference.

Robert Levering; pacifist and Quaker; co-author of Fortune magazine's annual list of the "100 Best Companies to Work For,"and a speaker on workplace trends and management strategies aimed at improving workplace productivity; graduate of Swarthmore College and the Martin Luther King Jr. School of Social Change.

Reports, memoranda, nonviolent training materials, and publications, relating to Levering's work with A Quaker Action Group, American Friends Service Committee, Friends Peace Committee, New Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam, and People's Coalition for Peace and Justice; together with scattered correspondence, published and unpublished mss. of writings, notes on meetings and for speeches, clippings, peace buttons, and sound recording tapes. Includes material relating to Levering's meetings with representatives of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam, and other Vietnamese, Cambodian, and Laotian groups, on behalf of the People's Coalition for Peace and Justice in Paris, 1972. Topics include draft resistance, anti-war movement, nonviolence, Gandhi, anti-corporate activities, and AQAG demonstrations against chemical and biological warfare. Speakers on the tapes include Marvin Davidov, Narayan Desai, Danilo Dolci, Susan Dworkin Levering, Staughton Lynd, Bradford Lyttle, Christopher Meyer, Chuck Noell, Lawrence Scott, Simeon White, and Ronald J. Young.

Libby, Frederick Joseph, 1874-1970
Frederick J. And Faith Ward Libby Papers, 1909-1970, 1931-1969 (Bulk).
10.5 linear ft.

Frederick J. Libby was a pacifist, writer, speaker and fundraiser; born in Richmond, Maine; graduate of Bowdoin College, B.A. 1894; graduate of Andover Theological Seminary, B.D. 1902; Congregational minister; joined Society of Friends in 1921; performed relief work with the American Friends Service Committee and American Red Cross in France, 1918-1920; AFSC official, 1920-1921; founder and executive secretary of National Council for Prevention of War, 1921-1970; helped organize the Keep America Out of War Congress, 1938; editor of NCPW serials News Bulletin and Peace Action, 1921-1954; author of War on War (1922) and To End War: The Story of the National Council for the Prevention of War (1969). Faith Ward Libby (1902-1984) was his wife.

Personal correspondence (1931-1969) between Frederick J. Libby and Faith Ward Libby; memorabilia, and photos.

This collection includes references to Walter Cook Longstreth (1881-1975), a prominent Philadelphia lawyer and pacifist active in conscientious objection and Green Street Monthly Meeting

LOCATION: Friends Historical Library Archives, RG5/231

Kathleen Lonsdale; British Quaker; concerned with nuclear weapons, conscription, and atomic energy.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain

The Universal Peace Union was founded in 1866 to remove the causes of war; championed international arbitration, arbitration in labor disputes, and such causes as suffrage, temperance, anti-militarism, and Indian rights; Alfred H. Love, a Quaker, (1830-1913) was a principal organizer and served for many years as president of the UPU; dissolved in 1920. Many members of the UPU, including Alfred H. Love, were Quakers.

Organized in 3 series. I. Universal Peace Union; II. Alfred H. Love, president; III. Mary Frost Ormsby Evans.
Microfilm available (19 reels) of the collection excluding oversize material; available for interlibrary loan; consult Peace Collection.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 038; use microfilm Reels 13.1-13.19.

Lynd, Staughton and Alice Lynd
Staughton And Alice Lynd Papers, 1965-1971.
10.25 linear ft.

Staughton Lynd and Alice Niles Lynd, Quakers, authors, and activists in the civil rights and peace movements, have worked individually and together on many labor and pacifist projects. Alice Lynd, draft counselor, nursery school teacher, and writer, worked with the American Friends Service Committee and directed day care and health center projects in Chicago . Staughton Lynd (b. 1929), historian and community organizer, taught at Spelman College and Yale University . He directed freedom schools during the Mississippi Summer Project (1964) and was chairman of the first march against the Vietnam War in Washington D.C. on April 17, 1965 . Later that year he visited Hanoi ,

North Vietnam

. He graduated from law school in 1976, then practiced labor law.

Scattered correspondence (1965-1971), ms. drafts and revisions of publications written by the Lynds, subject files, statements and articles by conscientious objectors, conscientious objector case files and counseling manuals, newsletters, articles, clippings, and sound recordings, relating to Staughton and Alice Lynd and their activism. Materials relating to the writings and publication of We Won't Go, by Alice Lynd, and The Resistance, by Michael Ferber and Staughton Lynd, form a substantial part of the collection. Correspondents include Paul Bert Denison, Richard Dodge, Stanley Faulkner, Lary Gara, Ann Fagan Ginger, Carl Haessler, David Hartsough, Francis Heisler, Bradford Lyttle, Thomas Rodd, F. Paul Salstrom, Jeffrey Shero, and Arlo D. Tatum.

Some restrictions apply. Consult Swarthmore College Peace Collection for details.

MacClelland, Emma Chandler, 1892-1965
Papers, 1918-1919.
18 folders (.5 linear ft.).

Emma Chandler MacClelland was a Quaker who was involved in relief work in

France

during World War I with the American Friends Service Committee. She was born in West Chester, Pa. in 1895, and married Lee H. MacClelland after her return from

France

. She was a member of Reading Monthly Meeting at the time of her death in 1965.

Correspondence of Emma Chandler MacClelland during the period, 1918-1919, in which she did relief work in

France

. Details her activities in Brittany, Bordeaux, and other locations. Also includes photographs of her trip.

MacDowell, E. Carleton (Edwin Carleton), 1887-1973
Papers, 1917-1927.
ca. 200 items.

E. Carleton MacDowell; Correspondence, minutes, reports, memorabilia, pictures and other papers, relating to MacDowell's involvement in Quaker relief activities in

France

during and after World War I. Includes material relating to American Friends Service Committee's Reconstruction Unit and Message Committee, Berlin Centre Committee, and Friends Council for International Service.

Established in 1937 by Morris Randolph Mitchell in Habersham County, Ga., as an economic cooperative comprised of families and individuals who worked collectively on the dairy, agricultural, forestry, and woodworking projects of the community; after World War II an infusion of former Civilian Public Service men, including conscientious objectors who had served prison sentences, joined the cooperative and brought an emphasis on pacifism; between 1953 and 1957 members of the group explored the possibility of merging with the religious community known as the Society of Brothers (Bruderhof) with final negotiations for the incorporation of the Macedonians with the Bruderhof in summer of 1957; in 1958 Macedonia ceased to be a separate community and the property was sold at public auction.

Articles of incorporation, correspondence (1937-1958), financial records (incomplete), reports and occasional newsletters of the community, studies on the economy of Habersham County, Ga., mss. of writings by Mitchell and others on cooperatives in general and Macedonia specifically, brochures and catalogs of Macedonia Community Playthings, clippings, blueprints of the farm and its outbuildings, and photos. Correspondence is chiefly addressed to or written by Mitchell and reflects agricultural, forestry, and dairy operations, business matters, and people interested in Macedonia, especially Civilian Public Service men, as well as Mitchell's own interests in American Friends Service Committee summer work camps, cooperative communities, and opposition to universal military training. Also includes articles on Mitchell and Macedonia Cooperative Community. Correspondents include Henry W. Dyer, Henrik F. Infield, W. Elmore Jackson, Morris Keeton, Henri Lasserre, George Meany, Edward R. Miller, Barbara Jaynes Mitchell, David Newton, Elvin Roberts, Lucille Roberts, Norman J. Whitney, E. Raymond Wilson, Arthur Wiser, and Wilmer J. Young

Robert H. Maris; chiefly correspondence with his family written while Maris was serving as a dentist with American Friends Service Committee in France after World War I; together with photograph album and other papers..

Milada Marsalka; Member of the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, U.S. Section, active with the New Haven, Connecticut Branch; worked for American-Soviet friendship and conversion of economy from military to civilian production; born in Czechoslovakia; died in the United States, 1999 or 2000.

Correspondence, annual reports, administrative files, financial records, flyers and handbills, memorabilia, minutes of meetings, newspaper clippings, periodicals, reference files, and photographs.

Marvel, Josiah P. (Josiah Philip), 1896-1959

Peace In Our Time, [1942].
1 v. (in folder)

Quaker Emergency Service records, 1942-1966
6 folders

Josiah P. Marvel was a New York Quaker who worked with the AFSC in

France

in 1940-41. Born in Indiana, the son of Charles and Amy J. Marvel, he moved to New York in 1929. Marvel married Elinore Jacobs Strettenheim in 1941, and was living in Washington, D.C. when he died in 1959.

Peace In Our Time was the typescript memoir of Josiah P. Marvel of his service in

France

with the American Friends Service Committee from July 1940 to June 1941. He spent most of his time in Paris and was involved in feeding refugees and visiting internment camps and prisons.

The Quaker Emergency Service was founded in January 1942 by members of the combined Peace and Service Committees of the two New York Monthly Meetings. Offering alternative service for conscientious objectors, it was authorized by the New York Office of Civilian Defense. After the war, the group formed the Civilian Readjustment Committee/Center and worked with psychiatric institutions. It focused particularly on male homosexuals and sex offenders. The Center was closed in 1951 and remaining funds of Quaker Emergency Services were allocated in 1961. Collection contains primarily Marvel's files on the wartime projects of the Quaker Emergency Service, 1942-1945, and its postwar Civilian Readjustment Committee, including typed minutes, 1947-1961. Also includes papers concerning the Spears Mobile Clinic which operated in Syria with the help of the Friends Ambulance Unit, including a typescript describing the mission; the dispersal of French funds, 1954-1958, raised by Mme. de la Noue for her Centre Guynemer and deposited with the Quaker Emergency Service in 1948; and the file of Katherine Cook, secretary, concerning the distribution of Service funds in 1961 and 1966.

LOCATION: Manuscript of Peace in Our Time: Friends Historical Library manuscript collection, MSS003/155. Quaker Emergency Service records: Friends Historical Library archives, SC/221

McDowell, Mary Stone, 1876-1955
Collection, 1914, 1918, 1945-1955.
12 linear in.

Mary Stone McDowell, a graduate of Swarthmore College, was a birthright Quaker school teacher (instructor in Latin at the Manual Training High School in Brooklyn, NY ) dismissed by the New York City Board of Education in 1918 on charges of disloyalty based on her refusal as a Quaker to sign a loyalty pledge during World War I. Reinstated in 1923, she retired in 1943, and became a war tax resister, continuing her pacifist stance against military spending until her death in 1955. Her brother, Dr. E. Carlton MacDowell, served with the American Friends War Victim Relief Committee in 1918.

Media Monthly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends. Peace Committee
Committee Papers, 1933-1988.
ca. 800 items in box (.5 linear ft.).

Miscellaneous committee papers as follows: Community Relations Committee, 1957-1964; Community Support Corporation, 1971-1976; Coordinating Committee reports, 1948-1953, 1966-1973; Coordinating Committee papers concerning Shoemaker Fund/Meeting Sec'y, 1955-1961; Coppock-Patterson Committee, 1957-1960; Fellowship Activities Committee, 1957-1960; The Harned Committee, 1937-1955, 1967-1969; Long Range Planning, 1969-1976; Overseers, 1957-1968; Religious Education (also called Fist Day School Committee) reports, 1945-1965 and God and Country Award Data, 1956-1958; School Committee, 1967; School Relationship Committee, 1980-1988; Peace Committee minutes, 1933-1938; Peace Committee reports and correspondence, 1954-1965; Worship and Ministry, 1955-1969; Young Friends, 1944-1958.

Miller, Richmond Pearson, 1902-1972
Papers, 1923-1970.
6 boxes ; 3 linear ft.

Richmond Miller was a Quaker author and educator. He was the son of J. Milton and Sara G. Miller. In 1926 he married Alice Leinbach. Miller was involved with the 1962 NBC television production, Gentle Persuaders, the William Penn Tercentenary in 1964, the William Jeanes Memorial Library controversy, and the United Nations. In addition, he participated in commemorative events at Quaker meeting houses, the All American Friends Conference in Oskaloosa, 1929, First Day Schools, Friends Peace Committee, National Conference on the Churches and Social Welfare in Cleveland, 1961, the Ohio Yearly Meeting Sesquicentennial in 1962, School of Mysticism in New York, 1929, World Conference of Friends in 1952, and Young Friends Caravan in 1925.

Includes correspondence, writings, and papers relating to various Quaker concerns.

Mitchell, Arthur Lyon, b. 1916
Family Papers, 1786-1989, 1815-1861.
17 items (4 folders).

Arthur L. Mitchell; Quaker; helped to start the Seoul Friends Meeting in

Korea

; son of Eugene and Hattie (Schaumberg) Mitchell. His ancestor, Peter Lyon, was a member of Nine Partners Monthly Meeting in Dutchess County, New York, and the original purchaser of "Millbrook," the family home; he was born in 1784, married Mabel, and died in 1870. They had at least seven children: Daniel H., Mary, Hannah, John, Asahel, Arthur, and William. Hannah Lyon was born in 1813 and married Charles Coffin before 1835. Their daughter, Amelia, was a teacher and married David L. Mitchell, son of Richard Mitchell of Washington, New York.

Includes letters written by or to family members, including Peter Lyon, 1815 and 1849; John Lyon, 1849; Asahel Lyon (d. 1830), n.d.; Amelia Coffin,1864 (2); and Mary Lyon, 1827. Also: Hannah Lyon's notes on Quaker meetings, n.d.; death notice of Joseph Mitchell, 1786; statement of Charles Coffin's inability to serve in the military, 1837; Amelia Coffin's teacher certificate, 1861; program for Nine Partners School, 1861; grant of property, Mary Lyon to Peter Lyon, 1833; grant of property, Richard Mitchell to David L. Mitchell, 1865; "Society of Friends in Seoul, Korea-Early History" and "The Establishment of a Quaker Meeting in Seoul, Korea", n.d., and an obituary of Ham Sok Hon, 1989. Topics of interest are: Quaker women, pacifism, celibacy, and Select meetings.

Monthly Meeting of Friends of Philadelphia (Hicksite). Peace Committee
Records, 1951-1954.
2 folders.

Includes records of the Peace Committee of Philadelphia Monthly Meeting (Hicksite), 1951-1954. Includes files on refugee families who were assisted by Philadelphia Monthly Meeting.

Elliston P. Morris; Quaker; served with the American Friends Service Committee in France after World War I; jailed for refusing to register under the Selective Service Act in World War II.

Norman Morrison became interested in the religious ideals and principles of the Society of Friends while studying in

Scotland

. In 1962, as a convinced Friend, he became the Executive Secretary of the Baltimore Monthly Meeting. Morrison was distraught as the pace of U.S military involvement and the bombing of civilians in Vietnam escalated; he immolated himself in front of the Pentagon on November 2, 1965. His was one of three such deaths in the

United States

, though many Buddhist monks in

Vietnam

used self-immolation as religious witness to attempt to end the war.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Lucretia Mott was a prominent Philadelphia Quaker minister and a leader in reform movements, especially antislavery, education, peace, and women's rights. She was born in 1793 in Nantucket , Massachusetts , and was educated at Nine Partners Boarding School in Dutchess Co., N.Y. In 1811, she married James Mott and they settled in Philadelphia , Pa. The Motts were active Hicksite Quakers, and Lucretia served as clerk of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting and traveled in the ministry. James Mott was a founder of the American Slavery Society in 1833, and Lucretia was a founder of the Philadelphia Female Antislavery Society. In 1840, they went to England to attend the first World's Antislavery Convention and Lucretia met Elizabeth Cady Stanton . In 1848, she and Stanton announced a conference on women's rights to be held at Seneca Falls , N.Y. She and her husband were active in the founding of Swarthmore College, a coeducational institution incorporated in 1864, and supported the founding of the nation's first medical school for women, Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania, and the School of Design for Women, now Moore College of Art. Lucretia Mott died in 1880 in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania.

The collection includes correspondence of Lucretia Mott and her husband, James M. Mott, with family and other reformers of their day, including Edward M. David, Joseph Dugdale, Anna Davis Hallowell, William Lloyd Garrison, James Miller McKim, Harriet Martineau, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Lucy Stone. Also contains sermons, essays, and antislavery documents, and the diary of Lucretia Mott's trip to England
to attend the World's Antislavery Convention of 1840.

Organized into series: 1. Correspondence; 2. Diary & other writings; 3. Notes and drafts for Life and Letters; 4. Newspaper clippings, secondary references, and miscellaneous Mott memorabilia; 5. Margaret McHenry research papers.

Not affiliated with the Society of Friends; began in 1971 in Philadelphia, Pa.; superseded A Quaker Action Group; a national network of activists committed to building a nonviolent revolution; provided training in nonviolent direct action; committed to decentralized organization and decision-making. For the first ten years, collectives in Philadelphia encouraged the formation of regional groups, including collectives in the Boston/Northeast Region, the Mid-Atlantic Region, Tucson, Seattle, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Chicago, etc.; after 1981 efforts were made to strengthen communication and coordination among the various collectives; MNS published three newsletters for internal communication: Dandelion Wine, Wine, and Grapevine; and one external newsletter, The Dandelion; ceased operation in 1988.

Includes correspondence, administrative files, notes of meetings, manuscripts, newspaper clippings, brochures, directories, membership materials, financial records, notebooks, journals, and photos. Subjects include nonviolence and training for nonviolent action; feminism, nonviolence, and peace.

A.J. Muste; pacifist, clergyman, Quaker; labor, civil rights, and peace activist.

Chiefly correspondence (1937-1967) divided into private correspondence and business papers; together with autobiographical material, book reviews, speeches, articles, pamphlets, clippings, and sound recordings by and about Muste. Includes information about George Kennan, Linus Pauling, Anatol Rapoport, A. Philip Randolph, Morton Sobell, Congress of Racial Equality, World Peace Brigade, Pendle Hill, Hudson Institute, yachts Golden Rule and Phoenix, Omaha Action, Polaris Action, and organized tax resistance; records of Liberation magazine; and correspondence relating to American Friends Service Committee, Central Committee for Conscientious Objectors, Clergy and Laity Concerned, Committee for Nonviolent Action, Fellowship of Reconciliation, National Council for Prevention of War, SANE, and War Resisters League. Correspondents include Herbert Aptheker, Norman Cousins, J. Passmore Elkinton, Erich Fromm, Homer A. Jack, Sidney Lens, Staughton Lynd, Tracy D. Mygatt, Theodore Roszak, Bertrand Russell, John Nevin Sayre, and Norman Thomas.

Entire collection excluding 2 linear ft. from 1969 accessions available on microfilm (39 reels). Available on interlibrary loan from the Swarthmore College Peace Collection.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 50; use microfilm, Reels 89.1-89.39

National Action/Research on the Military-Industrial Complex
Records, 1969-1990.
64 linear ft.

Began in 1969; located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; project of the American Friends Service Committee; served as a resource for journalists, educators and students, the religious community, peace organizations, and concerned citizens from the U.S., Canada, and overseas; provided information about the role of the military-industrial complex in American society, research, production and distribution of U.S. military technology and weaponry, U.S. military and economic policies, U.S. military buildups in foreign countries, defense contractors, and U.S. exports of high technology. NARMIC had a special library of over 40,000 documents and a computerized database; published books, study guides, information sheets, reports, slideshows, and documentary films; ceased operation in October 1990.

Includes correspondence; consists primarily of reference files about the B-1 Bomber, chemical and biological warfare, domestic insurgency, nuclear power, and the Vietnamese Conflict; includes 10 photos taken at Rocky Mountain Arsenal in Denver.

National Circulating Library of Students' Peace Posters.
Collection, 1935-1951.
10 linear in.

Founded by Nancy J. Babb, a Quaker, the National Circulating Library of Students' Peace Posters had the single goal of promoting peace through graphic arts. Located in Philadelphia, the organization sponsored peace poster contests in schools across the country. Eventually the prize-winning posters were reproduced, full color, as stamp-sized stickers sold by the sheet.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

National Council for Limitation of Armaments.
Collection, 1921-1922.
1.5 linear in.

The National Council for Limitation for Armaments was a clearinghouse for several national organizations. It promoted the cause of disarmament following World War I. The Friends Disarmament Council of the Society of Friends was influential in this group. The National Council was a forerunner of the National Council for Prevention of War in the

United States

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

Began January, 1974; American Friends Service Committee effort to stop the development of the B-1 bomber.

New Call to Peacemaking; cooperative effort of Brethren, Quakers and Mennonites; founded in 1975 to reinvigorate the understanding of and commitment to nonviolence and peacemaking within those faith communities; organized national conferences on October 6-8, 1978 and October 2-5, 1980; after 1982, a decision was made to shift the direction of New Call from revitalizing the peace testimony within the historic peace churches to more contact and relationship with other Christian groups open to the search for a more faithful peace witness; name changed to Every Church a Peace Church.

LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 143 and
Friends Historical Library: Pamphlet Group 3

Founded ca. 1969 in Clinton, New York; a communal society which emphasized rebirth as individual Christians and as members of the Society of Friends (Quakers); an additional center was established in winter 1971/72 in Sumneytown, Pa.

Includes correspondence, flyers, periodicals, reference material.Access is restricted: consult Curator of the Swarthmore College Peace Collection.

New York Friends Center
Records, 1938-1964.
3 boxes ; 1.5 linear ft.

Established in 1938 by the New York Monthly Meetings at the 20th Street meeting house, the New York Friends Center was initially created to provide a meeting place for Quakers and to serve as a Quaker information and reception center in New York City. Sponsorship of service projects began in the 1940's. Housing and community projects included an international visitors program and hostel, sponsoring alternative service for conscientious objectors, social rehabilitation through counseling and job placement of women prisoners, assisting WWII refugees through the monthly Tuesday Luncheon Clubs (1942-1961) and providing hospital visitors. In 1955 the New York Friends Center joined with the Hiroshima Peace Center Association to sponsor the travel to New York City and reconstructive surgery for twenty five Japanese girls who had been injured in the bombing of Hiroshima in 1945. Known as the "Hiroshima Maidens," the young women stayed initially at Pendle Hill School, Wallingford, Pennsylvania, and then with Quaker families during the year-long recuperation.

Records, 1938-1964, document the activities and events of the New York Friends Center and consist of minutes, financial records, correspondence, newsletters and newspaper clippings, particularly of the Hiroshima Maidens Project, 1955-1956.

Divided into series: Series 1. Minutes and Correspondence; Series 2. Annual Reports; Series 3. Projects.

Primarily a funding agency for

U.S.

peace and antinuclear groups; organized and run by Doris Shamleffer.

Includes files about grants to U.S. peace and antinuclear groups, and reference material about them; also, annual reports, correspondence, administrative files, financial records, and minutes of meetings.

New York State Board for Civilian Public Service
Collection, 1941-1944.
.25 linear in.

The New York State Board for Civilian Public Service was formed to advise men how to deal with problems arising from conscientious objection and Civilian Public Service under the Selective Service Act of 1940. The Board was formed at the suggestion of Paul Comly French, Executive Secretary of the National Service Board for Religious Objectors. The New York State Board cooperated with the American Friends Service Committee, Fellowship of Reconciliation and the Metropolitan Board for Conscientious Objectors, and its members were drawn from the entire state. Its successor organization was the New York State Committee for Conscientious Objectors.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

New York Yearly Meeting collection on conscientious objection
Records, 1914-1970.
5 folders

New York Yearly Meeting, through groups such as the combined Peace and Service Committee of the two New York Monthly Meetings and other organizations including the American Friends Service Committee and the Metropolitan Board for Conscientious Objectors, sought to provide advice to conscientious objectors facing draft into military service.

This collection contains papers concerning conscientious objection collected by New York Yearly Meeting. Folder 1 contains a small amount of correspondence regarding COs in 1914 from Ulysses DeRosa, a member of New York Yearly Meeting (Orthodox); folders 2 and 3 contain largely correspondence, 1939-1946, concerning work with COs by the subcommittee on Conscientious Objectors of the New York Yearly Meeting Committee on Peace and Social Order, Joint Work-Camp Committee, and the Metropolitan Board for Conscientious Objectors which centralized the work of advising; folder 4 contains letters, 1939-1940, from Quakers affirming their membership in the Society of Friends and their belief in the peace testimony; folder 5 contains material concerning registration and draft issues, 1948-1970.

New York Yearly Meeting. Coordinating Committee for Easter Peace Witness
1 leaflet (1961)

Leaflet in support of a vigil against nuclear warfare, March 31st-April 2nd, 1961, Times Square, New York, sponsored by the New York Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends and by the following Monthly Meetings: New York, NY, Ridgewood, NJ, Rockland, NY, Scarsdale, NY, and Summit, NJ.

The cover of the leaflet shows the logo of the organization "Witness for Peace" with the word "Quaker" inserted in smaller letters to form "Quaker Witness for Peace."

LOCATION: Swarthmore College Peace Collection, Subject File: Society of Friends, Peace Testimony (1961)

Newton, Ray, d. 1968
1 folder

Ray Newton; Quaker; teacher; participated in Quaker relief in Europe after World War One; head of the American Friends Service Committee Peace Section; Executive Director of the Emergency Peace Campaign; founder and Executive Secretary of Farmers and World Affairs.

A major Quaker peace group operating in northern

England

; mission is “to support the active promotion of peace in all its height and breadth.”

Minutes, reports, pamphlets, leaflets, letters, newsletters, misc. publications.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain
and Friends Historical Library: Pamphlet Group 3

Edgar R. Norton; Quaker; peacetime draft resister after World War II; legal trial, 1949-1950.

October 6 Witness; some earlier records alternatively called it the October 6 Coalition; organization was composed of a broad range of religious and civic groups committed to a program of public education and witness connected with the Tricentennial of the German Settlement of America, 1683-1983 (observed from January 1, 1983 to December 31, 1983); primary goals of October 6 Witness were: 1) to focus public attention on the peaceful religious roots of German-American history; 2) to counter efforts of the United States and West German governments to co-opt the Tricentennial celebration for strategic and military purposes; 3) to oppose U.S. - West German collaboration in deploying Pershing II and Cruise missiles in Western Europe; 4) to strengthen existing ties between the peace movements of the U.S. and Germany, both East and West, and to initiate ongoing dialogues and exchanges which promote peace; 5) to emphasize the relationship between peace and human rights by highlighting local social, economic and racial injustices caused by appropriating domestic resources for military ends. The group was centered in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania area. Quaker and Mennonite groups were involved because of their historic peace testimony and early settlement in Pennsylvania. Bruce Birchard, Samuel D. Caldwell, and Morton Frank, were instrumental in the organization. Groups represented on the Steering Committee included: Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers); the Philadelphia Mennonite Council; the United Methodist Church, Eastern Pennsylvania Conference; Women Strike for Peace; Philadelphia SANE; the Catholic Peace Fellowship; Philadelphia Nuclear Freeze; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, and Jobs With Peace.

Includes correspondence (1983-1984), minutes of meetings, financial records, mailing lists, planning reports, publicity, press coverage, newspaper clippings, and follow-up notes. Correspondents include Bruce Birchard, Samuel D. Caldwell, and Morton Frank.

Allen S. Olmsted; lawyer, judge, Quaker, pacifist and advocate of civil liberties. Married to Mildred Scott Olmsted who, though not a Quaker, was associated with them in many causes.

Scattered correspondence (1898-1977), Olmsted's writings on treaties, peace, and related legal topics, memoranda and briefs, handbooks on conscientious objection, and board minutes of the many organizations with which he was involved. Includes minutes and memos of Rights of Conscience Committee of the American Friends Service Committee, Philadelphia Peace Council, Joint Peace Committee of Providence and Chester Monthly Meetings, American Civil Liberties Union, and Central Committee for Conscientious Objectors; correspondence with German emigrés and American consular officials (1939-1942); and transcripts of Olmsted's dismissal hearing by the American Legion and correspondence with post officers (1922-1927). Subjects include freedom of speech, loyalty oaths, universal military training, conscientious objectors, and racial integration. Correspondents include Brent D. Allinson, Gertrude Baer, Roger N. Baldwin, Edward W. Evans, Francis Heisler, Dorothy H. Hutchinson, Esther Everett Lape, Walter C. Longstreth, Arlo D. Tatum, Lyle Tatum, George Willoughby, and C.H. (Mike) Yarrow.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 95.

Olmsted, Mildred Scott, 1890-1990
Papers, 1881-1990
14 linear ft.

Mildred Scott Olmsted; peace leader; National Executive Director of Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. U.S. Section, 1934-1966; Executive Secretary of Pennsylvania branch of WILPF; director during World War II of Women's Committee to Oppose Conscription; active with Philadelphia (Pa.) SANE, Promoting Enduring Peace, and Pennsylvania American Civil Liberties Union; early leader in birth control movement and women's suffrage. Quaker; member of the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting Committee on Reorganization in 1973 and 1974 and also served on the Executive Committee of the Peace Education Committee of the American Friends Service Committee. Mildred Scott Olmsted is pictured below on the left with Joan Baez, a folk-singer, pacifist, and Quaker.

Chiefly personal correspondence (1908-1989); together with oral history transcripts, annotated Women's International League for Peace and Freedom materials, material relating to WILPF U.S. Section, articles, speeches and writings, material on other peace organizations, clippings, awards and citations, and personal memorabilia. Correspondents include Katharine M. Arnett, Edith Ballantyne, Elise Boulding, Katherine L. Camp, Lucy P. Carner, Ruth Chalmers, Ruth Gage Colby, Sybil Cookson, Dorothy Detzer, Howard Frazier, Ruth Freeman, Margaret Forte, Marii Hasegawa, Dorothy M. Hayes, Margaret Holmes, Dorothy H. Hutchinson, Tano Jodai, Ruth Mellor, Allen S. Olmsted, Mercedes M. Randall, Martha Sandquist, Dorothea De Schweinitz, K. Patricia Shannon, Dorothy R. Steffens, Jacqueline Van Voris, and Elizabeth W. Weideman.

Organized into 8 series. I.Biographical. II.Correspondence. III.Speeches and writings by Olmsted. IV.WILPF events/projects. V.Other events/projects/organizations/subjects. VI.AV material. VII. Memorabilia. VIII. Material from misc. organizations. Series I,II,III,IV,V are in chronological arrangement. Series VIII is in alphabetical order.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 082.

Dr. Francis Onderdonk was the organizer of the Peace Films Caravan, a non-profit organization. Trained as an architect in Vienna, he received his doctorate in 1919 after working as a draftsman during World War I. In 1928, he joined the Society of Friends. He willed his collection of pictures, poster, 9 films, and postcards, as well as antiwar cartoons, woodcuts, and literature to the Peace Collection.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Palmer, T. Vail
1 folder (.125 in.)

T. Vail Palmer; Quaker; conscientious objector; the first non-registrant held under the 1948 Selective Service Act; sentenced to a year and a day in prison.

Alice Park; Born in Boston in 1861 of New England Quakers; her activism grew from her concerns for woman's suffrage, humane education and peace. She traveled and lectured extensively on these topics, and represented the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom on the Henry Ford Peace Ship, 1915-1916. She was a pacifist, Socialist, vegetarian, and a member of the Humane Society, National Child Labor Committee, and the Housewives Union. Much of her public life was as a suffragist both in the

United States

and

Great Britain

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

V. Paschkis; Victor Paschkis; Quaker, mechanical engineer and professor; born in Vienna, Austria; emigrated from Germany to U.S. in 1938; founder and first president of Society for Social Responsibility in Science; chairman of the National Friends Conference on Race Relations, the American Friends Service Committee's Race Relations Committee, and the Committee on Fair Employment; professor and professor emeritus of Columbia University.

Articles and speeches by Paschkis; citation for the Max Born Memorial Medal; constitution and bylaws (1956), pamphlets, newsletters, and other materials relating to Society for Social Responsibility in Science; periodicals and occasional papers from other organizations including Club of Rome; reprints from American Society of Mechanical Engineers; and a small quantity of correspondence (1971-1976) in German and English. Topics include zero growth economy, technology and society, nuclear disarmament, and Christian pacifism. Correspondents include Richard L. Deats, Carl Dreher, William F. Hewitt, Alice Mary Hilton, Heinrich Mugdan, Norman E. Polster, Michael J. Rabins, Hans Sachsse, Georg Wolfgang Schimpf, G. Gustav Van Beers, Clarence C. Walton, and Walter Weisskopf.

Peace Action Center (Washington, D.C.)
Records, 1959-1963.
6.25 linear ft.

Began in 1961 as a continuation of the vigil at Fort Detrick, Md. (1959-1961) which urged abandonment of biological weapons and appealed for the conversion of the fort into a world health center; included cooperative living quarters for the staff of religious pacifists, mostly Quakers; disbanded fall 1963.

Constitution, committee minutes and memos, correspondence with individuals and other peace groups (1959-1963), financial records, position papers, newsletters, press releases, and leaflets, relating to the center's work of public witness and nonviolent action in Washington, D.C., nonviolent action training programs, and community peace education. Correspondents include PAC staff including Lawrence Scott, director, and Jack L. Bagley, Sarah Bishop, Florence Y. Carpenter, Bertha Faust, William R. Martin, Gelston McNeil, and Patricia Parkman. Other correspondents include Ross W. Anderson, Albert Bigelow, Elizabeth J. Boardman, Helen H. Corson, Don DeVault, Ross Flanagan, Norman K. Gottwald, Hugh B. Hester, Bradford Lyttle, A.J. Muste, Tracy D. Mygatt, Vernon Nash, Stephen D. Pfeiffer, Barbara L. Reynolds, Bayard Rustin, Willard Uphaus, Charles C. Walker, Robert Wayland-Smith, George Willoughby, and Wilmer J. Young.

Organized in 1867 in reaction to the Civil War by Orthodox Friends in the New York, Baltimore, North Carolina, Ohio, Indiana, Western and Iowa Yearly Meetings; incorporated in 1894 in Indiana for the purpose of promoting peace; grew to include all thirteen yearly meetings of the Five Years Meeting; headquartered in Richmond, Indiana; governed by a seven-man Board of Directors elected by representatives of each of the thirteen yearly meetings; among the leaders of the Peace Association were Daniel Hill, president or secretary from 1867 until his death in 1899, and his successor Allen D. Hole, president until 1927; affiliated with the American Peace Society in 1914; the Peace Association attempted to teach Friends and others that war is unchristian, inhumane, and unnecessary through the publication and dissemination of peace literature, the organization of public meetings and lectures, and the awarding of prizes for essay on peace topics; organization changed its name to the Peace Board of the Five Years Meeting in 1940, apparently continuing to function thereafter as a committee of the Five Years Meeting; published Messenger of Peace, a monthly periodical from 1870 to 1894 and from 1900 to 1933; from 1933 to 1943 it appeared as a supplement to The American Friend.

Includes scattered annual reports (1913-1929), scattered minutes (1912-1940), correspondence (1914-1935, 1943), scattered financial records, publications of the Association, and Messenger of Peace (1871-1894, 1900-1943). The bulk of the collection is correspondence, consisting mostly of carbon copies of letters sent out by Allen D. Hole. Other correspondents include John R. Cary, Theodore Foxworthy, W. Spencer Hadley, Mary Mendenhall Hobbs, Rufus M. Jones, Ray Newton, Levi T. Pennington, and Walter C. Woodward.

Available on microfilm (3 reels) on interlibrary loan from the Swarthmore College Peace Collection.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection, DG 027; use microfilm Reel 80.1-80.3

Operated by the American Friends Service Committee; runs Peace Education programs in and around Miami, Florida.

Peace Council of Northeast Philadelphia
Collection, 1935-1944.
5 linear in.

Organized as the Frankford Peace Council, this was an interdenominational peace group growing out of the joint concerns of Frankford (Philadelphia) Friends who were members of the Quaker meetings at Oxford and Penn Streets and Unity and Waln Streets. In order to include a broader group of denominations as well as a wider geographic area, the name was changed to the Peace Council of Northeast Philadelphia. Walter C. Longstreth, a leading Philadelphia Quaker, and Wayne Dockthorn of the Fellowship of Reconciliation were among the leaders who enlisted participation by ministers from churches in the area. Monthly meetings, peace rallies, and special speakers were among the Council's

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

Peace Now was a pacifist movement begun in Philadelphia, moving later to New York City, and eventually to Cambridge, Mass. Its objective was educational, including a campaign of 20,000 appeals to President Franklin Roosevelt for an immediate declaration of American Peace Aims. Officers were: the Chairman, Dr. George Hartman of Harvard; Executive Secretary Bessie Simon, formerly of the

America

First Committee; and Dorothy Hutchinson, a Quaker author and public speaker for Peace Now. Their activities apparently ceased with the chairman's adverse reaction to the way the movement was portrayed in the press, including charges (unfounded) of sedition.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

Pendle Hill (School : Wallingford, Pa.)
Records 1915-[ongoing].
39 boxes ; 26 linear ft.

Pendle Hill is a Quaker study center located in Wallingford, Pennsylvania. It was established in 1930 out of an earlier Quaker institution, the Woolman School. The Woolman School was established in 1915 under the care of the General Conference Committee of the Seven Yearly Meetings (Hicksite). In 1917, it was reorganized as a joint enterprise of Hicksite and Orthodox Friends, and was governed by a Board of Managers. The Woolman School was incorporated in 1918. In 1928, it was reorganized as a non-degree granting graduate level study and retreat center. In 1930, the name was changed to Pendle Hill and it was moved to its present location. In addition to offering classes and lectures, Pendle Hill publishes pamphlets and other writings on religious and social concern.

This collection includes the records of Pendle Hill, a Quaker study and cooperative living center, and of its predecessor, the Woolman School . The records include minutes, student and staff files, course material, financial records, correspondence, and related papers. Of particular interest are the correspondence files of the Joseph and Edith Platt, Henry T. Hodgkin, Howard and Anna Cox Brinton, D. Robert Yarnall, and the Board Of Directors. Topics of particular interest include the 1998 Conference on "Friends and the Vietnam War."

Organized into ten series: I. Official records; II. Staff and student files, arranged alphabetically; III. Minutes; IV. Material on the Woolman School and its alumni organization; V. Pendle Hill records (bulk 1928-1940), including the files relating to Henry T. Hodgkin, D. Robert Yarnall, Joseph Platt, and the Brintons, in addition to histories and course materials; VI. Financial records from 1914 to the present; VII. Correspondence, primarily from the 1930s and arranged generally alphabetically by recipient; VIII. Miscellaneous material; IX. Publications deposited by Pendle Hill; X. Conferences and special programs.

LOCATION: Friends Historical Library Archives, RG4/066 and Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: U.S.

Pennsylvania Arbitration and Peace Society
Collection, 1908-1926.
2.5 linear in.

Held in Philadelphia, May 1908, the Pennsylvania Arbitration and Peace Conference set up an executive committee which founded the Pennsylvania Arbitration and Peace Society on December, 1909. Early in 1912, the Society became a branch of the American Peace Society, but as a result of a change in the latter's constitution in 1915 the Pennsylvania group withdrew. The Pennsylvania Arbitration and Peace Society reported branches in Pittsburgh, Titusville, Cumberland Valley, Harrisburg, and Philadelphia. Prominent leaders, all Quakers, included William I. Hull, Albert J. Linton, J. Augustus Cadwallader and Stanley R. Yarnall. The Society's active work ended during World War I. Yarnall reported in 1946 to the Peace Collection that the main body of the Society's papers were destroyed due to deterioration about 1921. The records in the Peace Collection may represent the extant information on this group.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

Pennsylvania Committee for Total Disarmament
Records, 1930-1937.
8.75 linear feet.

Organized for the purpose of promoting legislation for universal disarmament; active from 1930 to 1936, chiefly in and around Philadelphia; William I. Hull, professor of international relations at Swarthmore College served as chairman; Sophia H. Dulles was executive secretary; Mary Winsor, Eliza M. Cope, William Eves III and Edward N. Wright were among the most active members, many of whom were Quakers.

Records include minutes (1930-1936), reports of committees, resolutions, correspondence (1930-1936), financial records, membership lists, petitions, pamphlets, radio speeches, and scrapbooks. Subject files include William I. Hull's reports from the Geneva Disarmament Conference (1932), information on pending state and federal legislation, and data on the munitions industry, as well as plays on the theme of disarmament. Correspondents include: William I. Hull, Sophia H. Dulles, Mary Winsor, Eliza M. Cope, William Eves III, Edward N. Wright, Brent D. Allinson, Carolyn Lexow Babcock, H. Runham Brown, Elinor Byrns, Lucy A. Cox, Constance Drexel, Dorothy Detzer, Lynn J. Frazier, Lindley V. Gordon, William B. Harvey, Darlington Hooper, Frieda Langer Lazarus, Jennie Lee, Frederick J. Libby, Alfred Lief, Ray Newton, Vincent D. Nicholson, John Nevin Sayre, Tucker P. Smith, Walter W. Van Kirk, Oswald Garrison Villard, Lydia G. Wentworth, H. Justice Williams, and E. Raymond Wilson.

Entire collection excluding a financial ledger and two scrapbooks available on microfilm (16 reels) on interlibrary loan from Swarthmore College Peace Collection.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 30; some boxes are offsite; use microfilm

Philadelphia Council for Conscientious Objectors
Collection, 1943-1952.
3 linear in.

The Philadelphia Council for Conscientious Objectors was formed jointly by the American Friends Service Committee and the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom in May 1943 by Philadelphia area pacifists concerned with the needs of conscientious objectors and their families. It preceded the Central Committee for Conscientious Objectors but overlapped it in functions. Council members offered character testimonials at court hearings for C.O.s. The Council's activities were suspended in 1952.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

Worked on peace education; folded into a new Philadelphia Yearly Meeting committee in 1916.

Described as "a facility to assist citizens desiring a place to think, learn, and work for peace," the Peace Center was formed under the sponsorship of Friends Peace Committee of the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting. In 1965, direct connection with the Friends Peace Committee was terminated, representing a more ecumenical outreach in coordinating peace groups in the Philadelphia area.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

The Philadelphia War Tax Resistance was an outgrowth of A Quaker Action Group, which was an associate member of the War Resisters League and of the Society of Friends. As part of a national movement known as War Tax Resistance, the local group became known as Philadelphia War Tax Resistance/War Resisters League in 1975. It was one of 190 centers for the national organization.

Includes correspondence, administrative files, court records, financial records, minutes of meetings, periodicals, and reference files.

Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of Friends (Hicksite : 1827-1955)
Collected Materials on the Quaker Peace Testimony, 1780-1917, 1861-1867.
1 folder.

The peace testimony is central in the belief and religious history of Quakers. During the

U.S.

Civil War, American Quakers debated the issues of pacifism and conscientious objection, and many Quakers suffered fines or imprisonment for their refusal to bear arms.

This collection contains typed extracts on meeting minutes in which the Quaker stance in war and conscientious objection are discussed. Most materials relate to Quaker activities in the U.S. Civil War.

Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends. Friends Peace Committee

Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends. Meeting for Social Concerns

Swarthmore preserves the records of Friends Peace Committee and the Meeting for Social Concerns.

Where available, access is through microfilm. Some records are available in microfilm, for use in the repository only.

Pickard, Bertram, 1892-1973 and Irene Pickard
Collected Papers of Bertram Pickard and Irene Pickard, 1918-1972.
15 linear in.

Bertram Pickard: internationalist; peace leader; Quaker; official for Society of Friends and United Nations organizations, including the Friends Peace Committee of the London Yearly Meeting, the Friends' Service Council, the Friends Geneva Centre, and the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations; a founder of the Quaker Press Service, later called the World Outlook Press Service; lived in Great Britain, Switzerland, and the United States.

Includes correspondence, reports, writings of Bertram Pickard, reference files, files of releases of the Quaker Press Service and the World Outlook Press Service.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Collected Document Groups, Foreign. Gt. Britain,.

Mary E. Pidgeon was born into an extended Quaker family which lived for generations in Clarke and Loudon counties, Virginia. She moved beyond the Virginia Quaker community to a career in the women's movement, first as a campaigner for women's suffrage (1917-1920), then as an educator and political activist in Virginia (1920-1928) and finally as a research economist for the Women's Bureau of the

U.S.

Department of Labor (1928-1956). She graduated from Swarthmore College in 1913, taught school briefly, and received an M.A. from the University of Virginia in 1923. During her retirement years, Pidgeon became active in the work of the Society of Friends.

Chiefly personal and professional papers of Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon (1890-1979), including correspondence, diaries, papers relating to activities as student and teacher at University of Virginia, publications and research reports, reminiscences, financial records, and notes, relating to her activities as suffragette and involvement with National League of Women Voters, educator and political activist in Virginia (1920-1928), and work (1928-1956) as research economist for U.S. Women's Bureau; together with correspondence, diaries, legal and financial papers, genealogies, albums, essays, poetry, pictures, and other papers of the Pidgeon, Williams, and allied families. Topics include family life, the Civil War, Hopewell Monthly Meeting, and education of family members at Alexandria Boarding School, Alexandria, Va., Earlham College, Richmond, Ind., George School, Bucks County, Pa., Swarthmore College, and Taylor Academy, Wilmington, Del. Persons represented include Pidgeon's grandfathers, William Williams (1816-1893) and Samuel Lukens Pidgeon (1817-1902), her mother, Susan Talbott Williams Pidgeon (1860-1942), her sister, Dorothy Everett Pidgeon Berry, and Hanna Conrow Williams Tomlinson.

Pidgeon, Mary Elizabeth, 1890-1979
Schlesinger Library Papers, 1906-1979
7 boxes ; 3.5 linear ft.

The collection contains personal and professional papers of Mary E. Pidgeon at the Schlesinger Library, including family and other correspondence and papers relating to her activities as student, suffragette, and in her professional and organizational work.

Organized in seven series: 1. Biographical and pictorial; 2. Family correspondence; 3. Other correspondence; 4. Diaries, finances and notes; 5.School papers; 6. Professional and organizational work; 7. Miscellaneous printed materials.

Researchers should see also Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon Family Papers, RG5/123. This larger, overlapping collection contains personal and professional papers of Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon as well as family papers. The collections are catalogued as two separate collections, but the finding aids refer to related material.

Francis E. Pollard; British Quaker; chairman of the Friends Peace Committee (

Great Britain.)

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain

Mary Post; Joseph Post; members of the Society of Friends and active in a number of 19th century reform movements including abolition, peace, and women's rights. Joseph, the son of Edmund and Catharine (Willits) Post of Westbury, Long Island, married Mary W. Robbins, the daughter of Willet and Esther (Seaman), in 1828. Joseph's brother, Isaac Post, was also involved in reform; he and his wife, Amy Kirby Post, were prominent in the spiritualist movement in upstate New York.

Correspondence received by Mary and Joseph Post from 1833 to 1882. Also includes a letter from Elias Hicks to Willet Robbins, a letter received from the English Quaker minister, Martha Routh (1782), and a number of family deeds and other papers. Correspondents of Joseph and Mary Post include Anna Greene, John Ketcham, Amy (Kirby) and Isaac Post, Joseph Dugdale, James and Lucretia Mott, and Cyrus Peirce. Topics include the illness of Priscilla Cadwallader, "modern" abolitionism, spiritualism and the "Rochester rappings," fugitive slaves in Rochester, the Pennsylvania Yearly Meeting of Progressive Friends, Rowland Johnson, the ministry of Lucretia Mott, Susan B. Anthony, and related topics.

Price, Charles Coale, 1913-2001
Papers, 1960-1997 (Peace Collection)
22.5 linear in.

Charles C. Price; professor of chemistry at the University of Pennsylvania; Quaker; Chairman of the Board of Managers of Swarthmore College, his alma mater (class of 1934); peace, environmental action and world federalism advocate, and president of World Federalists.

Includes papers documenting Charles C. Price's work for peace, world federalism, and environmental protection.

LOCATION: Peace Collection Collected Document Groups, U.S.
and Friends Historical Library of Swarthmore College, MSS/047.

William Webb Price; Quaker architect, teacher, and actor, of Rose Valley, Pa.

Chiefly letters written by Price to his family while serving with Friends War Victims Relief Committee in

France

during and shortly after World War I; together with reports, financial papers, memorabilia, and printed material, relating to Quaker reconstruction activities in

France

Providence Monthly Meeting of Friends (Media, Pa.). Social Action Committee Miscellaneous Records, 1981-1983.
7 items in folder.

Correspondence and other records of the Social Action Committee, 1981-83, relating to the peace testimony.

Edith Pye; operated an emergency maternity hospital in France near the front during World War I; performed relief work in Vienna and the Ruhr Valley between the wars; chairman of the Friends Service Council’s France and Switzerland Committee; vice chairman of the Friends Germany Emergency Committee; worked for Friends agencies and also the International Commission for the Assistance of Child Refugees up to World War Two; returned to France to do more aid work after World War II; involved with the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain

One of several international Quaker centers under the direction of the Friends Council for International Service and the American Friends Service Committee.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Switzerland

Held November 2, 1972; organized by the Friend Coordinating Committee on Peace; discussed socially responsible investing for individual Friends and trustees of Friends organizations.

One of two sites of the Quaker United Nations Office, a non-governmental organization run by the Friends World Committee for Consultation to voice Quaker concerns on the international stage.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Switzerland

British Quaker organization; created by the merger of the Friends Service Council and the Peace and International Relations Committee; became Quaker Peace and Social Witness in 2001; umbrella for British Quaker service.

Located in Cape Town, South Africa; opened in 1988; offers self-help training, projects for the unemployed, and workshops on non-violence, conflict resolution, and mediation; a Resource Centre for Peace Education.

Created by the Friends Association for Higher Education in 1986 based on Kenneth Boulding’s proposal that there should be a network of Quaker scholars and a Quaker research center.

Based at the United Nations; sponsored by the American Friends Service Committee; works to represent Quakers worldwide through both the New York and Geneva Quaker Houses; activities include attendance at UN meetings, consultation with UN delegates and discussion with other non-governmental organizations. The Office represents the Friends World Committee on Consultation as well as AFSC.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

Quaker Witness & Wait-In for the Unconditional Relief of All Who Suffer in

Vietnam

1 folder

An effort to convince the United States government to allow Quaker organizations to send aid to Vietnam, culminating in a week long wait-in at various State Department offices in the week before Christmas, 19?? [undated]

Quaker Worship for Peace
1 folder (.125 in.)

Organized meeting and vigil to end the Vietnam war; held in Lafayette Park, Washington, D.C. May 9-11, 1970.

James Read was a Quaker and President of Wilmington College from 1960-1969. He also served as the United Nations Deputy High Commissioner from 1951-60, and was a Vice President of the Charles F. Kettering Foundation from 1969 until his retirement in 1974.

The bulk of the collection documents James Read's work as a consultant after 1974. His diaries date from his association with Wilmington College. Areas of particular interest include the establishment of Soviet-American dialogue and the Dartmouth and Soviet-American Writers Conferences, U.S./Canadian relations and the Lester B. Pearson Conference, the American Friends Service Committee, and the U.N. (non-governmental organizations).

Organized into series : 1. Biographical material; 2. Correspondence, 1950-87; 3. Diaries, 1961-82; 4. Speeches and seminar presentations, 1960-84; 5.Published articles, 1950-85; 6. Kettering Foundation, 1969-82; 7. AFSC, 1979-84; 8. Other activities, 1976-85; 9. Miscellaneous.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. New Zealand

Barbara Reynolds was a Quaker and pacifist who founded the World Friendship Center in Hiroshima,

Japan

, where she lived for more than 15 years. She was highly regarded in the Japanese peace movement; after her return to the

U.S.

she helped establish the Hiroshima/Nagasaki Memorial Collection in the Wilmington College Peace Resource Center, Wilmington, Ohio. In 1958, she sailed with Earle Reynolds on the yacht Phoenix into a nuclear bomb testing area of the Pacific. In 1962 she conducted the Hiroshima Peace Pilgrimage, a year-long world tour with two victims of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima,

Japan

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Earle Reynolds; convinced Quaker; educator; began his career as a physical anthropologist; married 1) Barbara Leonard (divorced 1964) and 2) Akie Nagami. In 1951 he moved with his family to Japan when he was hired by the Atomic Energy Commission to take part in research on the effects of the atomic bomb. There he studied the effects of atomic radiation on the growth and development of children. Was concerned with Hiroshima, Nagasaki, and nuclear weapons; entered the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission’s H-bomb test site aboard his yacht Phoenix in 1958; organized a 1962 visit of Hibakusha (a-bomb survivors or ‘explosion affected people’) to the United States and Europe; later used the Phoenix in an unsuccessful attempt to carry letters from Hiroshima to the Soviet Union, and in a successful attempt to deliver medical supplies to North Vietnam under the auspices of AQAG (A Quaker Action Group).

Pamphlets, news articles (in Japanese and English), published articles, letters, flyers, miscellaneous publications and manuscripts.

Reginald Reynolds was a British Quaker, author, journalist, and field secretary for the Friends Service Committee. Reynolds was associated with Mohandas K. Gandhi during the Indian civil disobedience movement in the early 1930s. He founded or was associated with various movements which worked for India's freedom from British colonial rule, notably the Indian Freedom Campaign [see essay about Reynold's relationship with Gandhi and the Indian independence movement.] He was a conscientious objector to World War II.

This collection consists of pamphlets, leaflets, and newspaper clippings, many concerning India and M.K. Gandhi. Gandhi's letters to and about Reginald Reynolds in the Swarthmore College Peace Collection's Mohandas K. Gandhi Collected Papers are available online (http://triptych/cdm4/gandhi.php).

See also: the entry for the Gandhi-Reynolds Correspondence in the Swarthmore College Peace Collection

Grace Rhoads, recipient of a Ph.D. from Bryn Mawr College in 1933, was a world-traveling activist for the causes of children's relief and education, peace and international goodwill. She was associated with the American Friends Service Committee for Freundschaftsheim, a community founded by Pastor Wilhelm Mensching in Böckburg,

Germany

. She was very active with the New Jersey Branch of Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, the WILPF Committee on Conscientious Objectors and the Women's Committee to Oppose Conscription. She was a field secretary for the American Friends Service Committee prior to her WILPF work.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Founded in 1818 as the "Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations Peace Society," later called the Rhode Island Peace Society. Following the founding of the Massachusetts Peace Society in 1815, and influenced by Noah Worcester's tract The Solemn Review of the Custom of War, Moses Brown and George Benson initiated the movement which led to the founding of the Rhode Island Peace Society. Brown was a Quaker, but doubted the wisdom of having Quakers in control of the proposed Society. The Rhode Island Peace Society declined after 1825 following the deaths of its charter members, though records indicate its existence up to 1860.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

Frederick Richards; William Richards; Quaker brothers; both jailed for refusing to register with the Selective Service during World War II

Channing Richardson; Quaker and conscientious objector serving in Civilian Public Service during World War II; involved in draft counseling during the Vietnamese Conflict; professor at Hamilton College.

Correspondence includes letters responding to requests for support of conscientious objector status applications written by former students and/or Quaker acquaintances. He wrote letters on their behalf to various draft boards.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Hugh Richardson; Born in Newcastle upon Tyne, England; M.A. degree from Cambridge University; science instructor, lecturer, author, pacifist, Quaker; visited British prisoner of war camps during World War I; promoted disarmament, internationalism, world government, and war tax resistance; as a member of the Emergency Committee of the Society of Friends during World War I, he visited and gave assistance to enemy aliens imprisoned in England; was particularly interested in the relationship of natural phenomena to political events.

Includes correspondence (1911-1934), writings by Hugh Richardson including manuscripts of articles, letters to the editor, and travel journals (1921-1931); of special note are letters (1917-1918) from and about German war prisoners in the Isle of Man and elsewhere and scattered issues of newspapers in German printed in the camps for enemy aliens. Correspondents in the collection include Horace G. Alexander, Carl Heath, and L. Oppenheim.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 32.

Lewis Fry Richardson; Quaker; scientist, researcher, and philosopher of peace.

Rockland County Peace Association (Rockland County, N.Y.)
Records, 1930-1950.
1.75 linear ft.

Small local peace group begun in 1930 to stimulate popular education and public opinion with a view to the prevention of war; officers included Kathleen Whitaker Sayre, McCarrell H. Leiper, and Walter B. MacKellar; admitted to the National Peace Conference in 1937; carried on relief work during World War II through the American Friends Service Committee; dissolved in 1950.

Annual reports (1932-1949), minutes (1930-1950), correspondence (1931-1949),scattered financial reports, fliers, clippings, memoranda, and other materials, relating to the activities of the association including sponsorship of public dinner meetings with prominent peace speakers, sending peace literature to schools, churches, and synagogues, holding essay contests, sending resolutions to government leaders, sending delegates to peace conferences, and sponsoring the Youth Peace Group, and its relationship with National Peace Conference and its relief work through American Friends Service Committee during World War II. Persons represented include former presidents McCarrell H. Leiper and Walter B. MacKellar and executive secretary Kathleen Whitaker Sayre. Correspondents include Ralph A. Gamble and Caroline O'Day.

The Rogerenes were members of a pacifist religious sect founded by John Rogers (1648-1721) in New England in the late 1670s. The Rogerenes settled around New London County, Connecticut. Sometimes called Rogerene-Quakers, they were not members of the Society of Friends. However, their pacifist religious doctrines and worship practices were strongly influenced by Quakers, especially William Edmundson, a Friend from

Ireland

who visited in1675. During the early New England period, the sect was persecuted because it denounced the limitations placed on freedoms of worship and conscience. The Rogerenes were active in the abolition movement and in founding the Universal Peace Union. In the 1880s, the group called itself the Quaker Society of New London. Their numbers dwindled by the end of the 19th century. Prominent Connecticut family names associated with the Rogerenes include Waterhouse/Watrous, Rogers, Crouch, Bollet, Whipple, and Chapman.

The Rogerenes of New England collection contains research materials and some original manuscript and published works by the Rogerenes which were collected by Ellen Starr Brinton during her tenure as Curator of the Swarthmore College Peace Collection, 1935-1951. She wrote several articles on the sect and compiled an extensive bibliography of sources.

Organized into five series: 1. Correspondence and papers relating to Ellen Starr Brinton's Rogerene bibliography; 2. Rogerene reference material; 3. Ida Whipple Benham; 4. Rogerene writings; 5. Pictures.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain

Maurice Rowntree; British Quaker; treasurer of the Peace Pledge Union; author.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain

Bayard Rustin was a Pennsylvania-born, African-American Quaker who was concerned with nonviolence, socialism, civil rights, race relations, and international relations. He was connected with the Fellowship of Reconciliation, American Friends Service Committee, War Resisters League, Congress of Racial Equality, and Committee for Nonviolent Civil Disobedience against Military Segregation. He was imprisoned during World War II for draft refusal based on his absolute pacifism. Rustin is pictured at right, with Brad Lyttle (later to be a leader of the Committee for Nonviolent Action).

Biographical information, writings, speeches, 1970 testimonial dinner; audiocassette of Rustin singing.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this individual.

Alfred Salter; British Quaker; physician; long time Labour M.P. (House of Commons); opposed imperialism; went on a lecture tour of 20 U.S. cities in 1936 on behalf of Emergency Peace Campaign.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain

Arnold Sattherthwait;Quaker; twice jailed for refusing to register for the draft in World War II.

Charles Sattherthwait; Quaker: conscientious objector in World War II; drove an ambulance for the American Field Service; received the Order of the British Empire.

Charles Satterthwait, Sr. Birthright Quaker; left the Society of Friends to register for the draft during World War II; served as a lieutenant in the Army Corps of Engineers; father of Arnold Chase and Charles Jr. (above).

Elizabeth Sellers was a Quaker. She was born in Philadelphia in 1821, the daughter of James and Elizabeth Sellers. She was disowned from Darby Monthly Meeting in 1851, and died in 1898.

This collection consists of documents relating to the withdrawal of Elizabeth Sellers from the Society of Friends and her subsequent disownment. Included is a letter from to Darby Monthly Meeting explaining her reasons for leaving the Society of Friends. In the letter she accuses Quakers of failing to take action on issues of temperance, pacifism, and abolition. Also included are genealogical notes on the Sellers family.

Isaac Sharpless; leading Quaker; president of Haverford College from 1887 to 1917.

Mulford Q. Sibley; Quaker; professor; opposed the H-bomb and favored disarmament; was denied a permanent position at Stanford University in 1958, in a controversial decision.

Regene Silver; Genie Silver; political activist; writer; member of the board of the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom; went to the Soviet Union in 1984 with a group of seven other women.

Philip W. Smith was a Quaker dairyman from Bucks Co., Pa., who was active in Russian concerns and a prominent peace activist. In 1925-1926, he spent two years on a collective farm in Russia, and in later life he traveled extensively for peace causes. He was a member of Buckingham Monthly Meeting.

Collection contains his correspondence, several journals and day books, photographs, writings on Russia, dairy farm records, and information on various groups with which he was involved.

Collection is a variety of materials relating to the peace activities and concerns of the Society of Friends in the United States. Materials from the monthly, quarterly and yearly meetings throughout the U.S. are included, together with items issued by various Quaker committee and organizations.

The bulk of the collection is in printed or mimeographed form, with some typed or photocopied items also present. Included are pamphlets, tracts, leaflets, articles and reprints, reports, speeches, statements, form letters, announcements and papers relating to conferences and other meetings, and clippings. The collection was microfilmed in 1979. In 2003, a large amount of material duplicated elsewhere in the Peace Collection was removed, so that the material in the boxes no longer corresponds to the material on the microfilm. Primary source material was transferred to the appropriate record group in Friends Historical Library.

Available on microfilm (5 reels) on interlibrary loan from the Swarthmore College Peace Collection. See notes in next entry.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 033; use microfilm, Reel 83:1-83:5

Society of Friends, collected peace materials, 1827-1983
5 reels of microfilm.

Collection is a variety of materials on microfilm relating to the peace activities and concerns of the Society of Friends in the United States. Materials from the monthly, quarterly and yearly meetings throughout the U.S. are included, together with items issued by various Quaker committee and organizations. Bulk of the collection is in printed or mimeographed form, with some typed or photocopied items also present. Included are pamphlets, tracts, leaflets, articles and reprints, reports, speeches, statements, form letters, announcements and papers relating to conferences and other meetings, and clippings. The collection was microfilmed in 1979. In 2003, a large amount of material duplicated elsewhere in the Peace Collection was removed, so that the material in the boxes no longer corresponds to the material on the microfilm. Primary source material was transferred to the appropriate record group in Friends Historical Library. Primary source material on the microfilm includes: minutes and reports (1887-1915) of the Whitewater (Indiana) Quarterly Meeting Peace Committee; correspondence (1897-1900) of William Wood, chairman of the Baltimore Yearly Meeting Committee on Peace and Arbitration; correspondence and form letters (1916-1931) of Edward Thomas, chairman of the New York Yearly Meeting Peace Committee; and minutes (1921-1922) of the Friends International Disarmament Council.

Microfilm reproduction of originals in: Swarthmore College Peace Collection; available on microfilm (5 reels; 35 mm.) on interlibrary loan from the Swarthmore College Peace Collection.

Solenberger, Edith R., 1886-1976
Collection, 1910-1979, (bulk) 1925-1979.
4 linear ft.

Edith Solenberger; a Quaker from Delaware County, Pennsylvania, graduated from Radcliffe College with A.B. and A.M degrees. She was a Co-Clerk at Lansdowne Friends Meeting, and a founder of the Lansdowne-Upper Darby branch of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, serving as chairman. She was WILPF's referent on American Indians in the 1950s. Her interests were broad, including the peace movement, the draft, conscription of women, women in prison, the Japanese Peace Treaty (1951), the United Nations, the "fifth column" (the U.S. Communist Party), venereal disease in the armed services, and academic freedom. She made several trips to British Columbia where she was befriended and honored by the Doukhobors.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 176.

Contains the papers of William Stanton and Lois V. Stanton, compiled by Lois V. Stanton. The Stantons were active Quakers, and William Macy Stanton, Jr., was a conscientious objector in WWII. Both Stantons served in the American Friends Service Committee reconstruction efforts in Europe after the war as well as other Quaker activities and organizations. William Stanton worked for Swarthmore College for over twenty-five years, serving as director of physical plant.

Includes transcribed and annotated correspondence (photocopies) concerning the Stantons' education, alternate service, and relief and reconstruction activities after World War II and especially William Stanton's participation in the University of Minnesota controlled starvation experiment in 1945.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Friends Historical Library of Swarthmore College, RG5/242.

Harold Steele; Sheila Steele; British Quakers; planned to sail a fishing boat into the Christmas Island H-bomb test zone in 1957.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain

Phebbie Stephens; Quaker; delegate to the 1908 Peace Conference in London.

Lee Stern; Quaker pacifist; b. 1915 in Cleveland, Ohio; was a founder in 1940 of Ahimsa Farm (near Cleveland, Ohio) which promoted pacifism and racial integration; imprisoned as a conscientious objector during World War II; while in prison, he refused to follow rules on segregation and sat with black prisoners, which led to integration in that prison; Stern was a prominent member of New York Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers), including its Peace Secretary and administrator of its Peace and Social Action Program for 13 years; worked for Fellowship of Reconciliation in Nyack, New York; active in protesting the Vietnam War, including a 1967 Easter Sunday pilgrimage to Canada to deliver medical supplies destined for both North and South Vietnam; Stern was a founder of Alternatives to Violence and the Children's Creative Response to Conflict; a founder of Peace Brigades International in 1981; from 1989, taught alternatives to violence in Maryland prisons; d. 1992 in Sandy Spring, Maryland.

The collection includes prison poems and essays, 1942-1946, Ahimsa Farm correspondence, information about Stern's 1965 fast to protest the bombing of North Vietnam, information about Stern's activities with A Quaker Action Group's bringing of medical supplies to Vietnam; includes a small amount of material about the Children's Creative Response to Conflict and Alternatives to Violence; scattered items regarding civil rights, the Peace and Social Action Program, the Quaker Project on Community Conflict, the Friends Coordinating Committee on Peace, and New York Yearly Meeting's Vigil at the White House in 1971. Correspondents include: Roger Axford

T. Noel Stern; Quaker educator; born in Pittsburgh, Pa., in 1913; received a B.A. from Swarthmore College in 1934; received M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Pennsylvania. Stern was a Quaker conscientious objector during World War II, working at dairy and fruit farms in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. After the war he taught at Boston University (1945-1953), served as director of the Fondation des États-Unis, Université de Paris (1953-1956), and president of West Chester State College in Pennsylvania (1960-1961). He joined the faculty of the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth in 1964, founding the political science department. He retired in 1985 as Professor Emeritus.

The collection contains the writings of T. Noel Stern and his wife, Katherine. The writings document his professional and volunteer activities, from his work with the U.S. Forestry Service (1941) to his involvement with Dartmouth town government (1990s).

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Friends Historical Library of Swarthmore College, RG5/249.

Carl Stieren; Quaker; emigrated from the

United States

Canada

during the Vietnam war; draft resister.

Stratton, Edward F., 1876-1968 (collector)
Collected papers of Ohio Quakers, 1770-1967
2.75 lin. ft

Edward F. Stratton was a Quaker from Salem and Barnesville, Ohio. He served as curator of the Salem Quarterly Meeting records and as librarian of the Friends Society, Salem, Ohio.

The collection contains historical and biographical information collected by Edward F. Stratton about the Maule, Stratton, Williams, and related Ohio Quaker families, especially those involved in separations in Ohio Yearly Meeting. Of particular interest are Joshua Maule's diaries and his correspondence concerning the Wilburite-Gurneyite and Maulite (Primitive) separations and the Williams family correspondence and diaries written while they were teaching at schools for freed blacks in Mississippi and Texas (1867-1876). Correspondents include Joshua Maule, Thomas B. and Martha S. Gould, Hannah Hall, and Charles Evans. Miscellaneous Society of Friends records include advices, sermons, a report of the Committee on Indian Concerns, Baltimore Yearly Meeting with a letter to "Brother Quakers" from Sawhe asking for aid (1804), an account of a conversation between Thomas Gould and Joseph John Gurney (1838), a letter from a Civil War conscientious objector, and accounts of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting.

Swarthmore Monthly Meeting (Society of Friends). Peace Committee
Records, 1944-1989.
3 folders

Records of the Peace Committee of Swarthmore Monthly Meeting, also called the Peace & World Order or Peace & Social Order Committee, 1944-1989. Includes: Minutes and miscellaneous records, 1944-50, Displaced Persons, 1950, and Correspondence, 1954-89.

Swarthmore Monthly Meeting (Society of Friends). Refugee Committee
Minutes, 1980-1994.
3 folders

Minutes of the Refugee Committee of Swarthmore Monthly Meeting, 1980-1994. Includes: 1980-84, 1985-88, and 1989-94. Stored in box with Peace Committee records.

Swarthmore Monthly Meeting (Society of Friends). Sanctuary Committee
Miscellaneous Records, 1985-1988.
1 folder.

Miscellaneous records of the Sanctuary Committee of Swarthmore Monthly Meeting, 1985-1988. Includes: minutes, correspondence, and publicity. Stored in box with Peace Committee records.

Swarthmore Monthly Meeting (Society of Friends). Social Concerns Committee
Miscellaneous Re-Investment And Low-Cost Housing Records, 1987-1989.
1 folder.

Miscellaneous re-investment and low-cost housing records of the Social Concerns Committee of Swarthmore Monthly Meeting, 1987-1989. Includes: minutes of the Committee on Social Concerns, 2mo 1987, 1mo 1988, & 1mo 1989,mailings, and publicity. Stored in box with Peace Committee records.

Swarthmore Monthly Meeting (Society of Friends). Social Order Committee
Miscellaneous Records, 1949-1980.
2 folders.

Miscellaneous records of the Social Order Committee of Swarthmore Monthly Meeting, 1985-1988. Includes: minutes (gaps), correspondence, and publicity. Stored in box with Peace Committee records.

Marjorie Sykes; British Quaker; spent much of her life in India; was a friend of Rabindranath Tagore, Mohandas Gandhi, and C.F. Andrews; member of the General Committee of the Indian Fellowship or Reconciliation; attended the World Pacifist Meeting, 1949-1950.

Loren J. Talbert; Birthright Quaker; fought in World War I, but decided that Quakers were correct in their opposition to war; wrote pamphlets to discourage youth to oppose war.

Taylor, Fred Walter, 1848-1919
Collection, 1916-1935, 1916-1918.
1 linear in.

Fred W. Taylor, a lawyer, was a Quaker who pursued an extensive World War I war debt recovery plan through correspondence with national business leaders and international decision makers. The plan and their responses comprise this collection.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Correspondence, diaries (8v., 1894-1896, 1936-1944), the earlier ones describing a trip to England and Europe taken by Thomas and her husband, Richard Henry Thomas (1854-1904), a Baltimore physician, drawings, notes, albums, poems, and photos; together with notebook (1869-1871), of Richard Henry Thomas while a student at Haverford College, Haverford, Pa., article and related materials concerning the couple's daughter, Henrietta Martha Thomas (1879-1919) and her World War I pacifist service in Germany and Austria, and material relating to the history of the Braithwaite and Thomas families.

Thomas, Edward, 1877-1962, and Margaret Loring Thomas d. 1966
Collected Papers of Edward Thomas and Margaret Loring Thomas, 1917-1952, 1919-1945.
3 linear in.

Edward Thomas was a chemist and chemical patent lawyer in New York City; he attended Haverford College and in 1914 married Margaret Loring Dike. She was received into membership of New York Monthly Meeting (Orthodox) in 1943; she had been active in settlement work and was a teacher of home economics before marriage; both were activist, pacifist Quakers.

Includes Edward Thomas's correspondence on behalf of refugees and prisoners of war, 1917-1918, through the Emergency Committee for the Assistance of Germans, Austrians, and Hungarians in Distress; correspondence with conscientious objector Harold Blickenstaff, 1943-1945; writings of Edward and Margaret Thomas; and material about the Institute of Politics, 1926.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of these individuals.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Collected Document Groups, U.S.

Grace A. Thomas, a graduate of Westtown Boarding School, taught physical education at Russell Sage College in Troy, NY.; lectured to students on the Quaker peace testimony.

This collection includes a 1939 article published by Grace A. Thomas in The Friend, entitled "The Quaker Attitude Toward War." Also included are letters from Henry J. Cadbury and E. S. Palmer regarding this article.

Wilbur K. Thomas (1882-1953); Quaker born in Indiana; executive secretary of the American Friends Service Committee from 1918 to 1929. He graduated from Friends University in 1904, served as pastor of various Quaker churches, graduated from Yale Divinity School in 1907, earned a Ph.D. from Boston University in 1914, and was a member of Boston Friends Meeting after 1909. He was director of the Carl Schurz Memorial Foundation in Philadelphia from 1930 to 1946.

The collection contains biographical material, correspondence (1918-1933), speeches and writings relating to his work with the AFSC and as a pastor in Quaker communities. Topics covered include peace, civil liberties, social service, prisons, and relief activities in Russia in 1922, as well as his Ph.D. dissertation, "the Social Service of Quakerism."

Marguerite Tirk; Quaker; involved in opposing every major conflict since World War Two; against nuclear weapons.

Founded in 1969; involved in helping make it easier for families of prisoners to visit them; runs a center for the elderly; lends a minibus to other organizations; adopted a family of Vietnamese boat people; runs Quaker Cottage, an activity center for children from West and North Belfast; supports holidays for parents under stress; works with youth who have suffered from violence.

Universal Peace Union
Records, 1846-1938; (bulk)1867-1923
12.5 linear ft.

Founded in 1866 to remove the causes of war; championed arbitration, arbitration in labor disputes, and such causes as suffrage, temperance, anti-militarism, and Indian rights; Alfred H. Love (1830-1913) was a principal organizer and served for years as president of the UPU; many members, including Alfred H. Love, were Quakers; dissolved in 1920.

Records (1866-1920) of Universal Peace Union including minutes (1891-1920), scattered correspondence, membership lists, financial and serial subscription records, scrapbooks, memorabilia, and photos; together with diaries (1848-1912) and other personal papers of Alfred H. Love and a small collection of personal papers (ca. 1891-1915) of Mary Frost Ormsby Evans. Includes material relating to Pennsylvania Peace Society. Correspondents include Clara Barton, Carter, Amanda Deyo, Mary Frost Ormsby Evans, Julia Ward Howe, Belva A. Lockwood, and Alfred H. Love. Includes the following periodicals: Philadelphia Tribune, vol. 5, no. 3 (Nov. 1867); The Bond of Peace (1868-1871); The Voice of Peace (1872-1882); and The Peacemaker and Court of Arbitration (1882-1913) as well as related peace pamphlets, reports and the Universal Peace Union periodical for children: Leaflets for Peace for Children (1879-1882).

The repository also has microfilm (19 reels) of the collection (excluding oversize material) available for interlibrary loan.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 038; use microfilm, Reels 13.1-13.19.

Caroline Urie had been a resident of Jane Addams' Hull House, where she introduced the Montessori kindergarten method into the

United States

. She was a Quaker, a member of the Fellowship of Reconciliation, the War Resisters League, the Socialist Party, and the Peacemakers; lived in Yellow Springs, Ohio in later life.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Charles C. Walker; Quaker; was imprisoned as a conscientious objector in World War II; was on the field staff of the Fellowship of Reconciliation (1948-1960); served as College Program Director for the Middle Atlantic Region of the American Friends Service Committee; was Director of Field Studies for the Nonviolent Action Research Project, Haverford College (1970s). He had been an originator of the Appeal and Vigil at Fort Detrick (1959, 1961, 1971-1973), and was active in A Quaker Action Group, the Friends Peace Committee, and Peacemakers; author of several book and pamphlets on nonviolence and peacemaking.

Miscellaneous items including biographical material about Charles Walker, newsletters, photocopies of short articles and reports.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Supports Friends who wish to take action with regard to their tax dollars that are used for military spending.

Ada Wardlaw was born in Iowa and moved to California in 1902. She studied political science, receiving an M.A. from the University of California at Berkeley. Her career included teaching, research, and voluntary work. She was active in the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, the Friends Committee on National Legislation, War Resisters League, the Pacifist Research Bureau, the American Friends Service Committee, and the Society of Friends. She was a staff member of Emile Benoit's Research in International Economics of Disarmament and Arms Control.

Washington Peace Center (Washington, D.C.)
Collection, 1968-[ongoing].
1 linear in.

The Washington Peace Center was organized in 1963 by District of Columbia peace activists, in cooperation with the American Friends Service Committee; provides youth programs, conscientious objector counseling, films, speakers, and workshops on peace topics.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

Washington Square Monthly Meeting (Society of Friends : 1975-1976 : New York, N.Y.)
Records, 1962-76.
8 vols. ; .5 linear ft.

Washington Square Preparative Meeting was established in 1962. At the close of 1974 it became a monthly meeting as the New York City meetings reorganized. It was laid down in August, 1976.

Records of Washington Square Meeting, 1962-1976. Includes Minutes 1962-76; register 1975; and miscellaneous papers 1963-72. Divided into series: Minutes: 1.1 1962-68, 1.2 1968-74, 1.3 1975-76; Vital Records: 2.1 Register 1975; Miscellaneous papers and correspondence: 3.1 1963-73, 3.2 1967-72, 3.3 1969-71, 3.4 1971-72. Vol.3.1 includes copies of minutes of the Committee on Ministry & Oversight. Vol. 3.2 includes records of the Peace & Social Concerns Committee.

Where available, access is through microfilm. Access to vols. 3.3 & 3.4 is restricted. The New York Yearly Meeting Records Committee restricts access to certain materials with implications for personal privacy. Contact Friends Historical Library for further information.

Begun 1966 in Santa Barbara, California, by Charles Hubbell, the Weekly Vigil for Peace was a campus event which, within a year, spread to 118 locations in the U.S. Hubbell was a member of the Santa Barbara Friends Meeting. The Vigil was a quiet, or silent, expression of protest against the war in

Vietnam

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the records of this organization.

The Weston-Super-Mare Peace Society, located in Weston-Super-Mare (Somerset County) England, was founded in 1910. Frances Mary Over served for many years as its honorary secretary, with Charles Brown, Harrison Jackson, and F.B. James as its presidents. The objects of the Society were: 1) "to emphasize the teachings of the 'Prince of Peace' concerning the Universal Brotherhood of the Human Race; and 2) to promote by moral suasion the distribution of Literature, and by Public Meetings, the principles of Peace, and of Arbitration for the settlement of all National disputes and to spread information with reference to the evils of the policy of Aggression and Militarism." Many members of this society were Quakers, including Bertram Over and Charles Brown ; it was active in the support of local conscientious objectors during World War I.

Collection consists of information about the history of the Society; correspondence of Frances Mary Over and Bertram J. Over, 1925-1936; minutes of meetings (1910-1941); resolutions, statements, annual reports, fliers, meeting notices, and news clippings.

LOCATION: Peace Collection Collected Document Groups, Great Britain, Weston-super-Mare Peace Society.

Correspondence (1940-1967), published articles and transcripts of speeches by Whitney, biographical notes, and other papers, chiefly relating to his activities as friend and counselor to conscientious objectors, particularly those in Civilian Public Service camps. Includes material relating to the Syracuse Peace Council; correspondence relating to the New York State Board for Civilian Public Service and its efforts to counsel and assist conscientious objectors in New York State; information about Civilian Public Service, including correspondence and some minutes (1940-1946); material relating to Whitney's work with American Friends Service Committee as national secretary for peace education and peace consultant, including correspondence (1958-1967), program notes, and reference files; and correspondence with and information about Metropolitan Board for Conscientious Objectors, National Service Board for Religious Objectors, and Pacifist Research Bureau. Correspondents include Stephen G. Cary, Harrop A. Freeman, Paul Comly French, Paul J. Furnas, Philip E. Jacob, Abraham Kaufman, Evan W. Thomas, Robert S. Vogel, Mildred C. Whitney, Harold P. Winchester, and many American Friends Service Committee staff.

Restricted until 2020. Anyone making reference to personal information from this collection must disguise it so that the identity of individuals will not be disclosed.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Archives, DG 61

Benjamin F. Whitson (1867-1957) of Moylan, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, a Quaker businessman.

Papers consist of correspondence, 10 journals (1893-1957), accounts of trips to Quaker conferences, essays, speeches, and genealogical notes and correspondence of Benjamin F. Whitson. He was active in Quaker affairs such as Friends World Conference in 1937 and the Fellowship of Reconciliation, and in Quaker concerns including peace, temperance, and education. Both Benjamin Whitson and his father were recognized as Quaker ministers and made visits to Ohio Yearly Meeting (Conservative).

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Friends Historical Library Archives, RG5/Ph/W57.

Wilhelm, Jayne Tuttle, 1917-1980 and Paul A. Wilhelm, b. 1916
Collected Papers Of Jayne Tuttle Wilhelm And Paul A. Wilhelm, 1934-1978.
12.5 linear in.

Paul A. Wilhelm served in three Civilian Public Service Units: Camp 3, Patapsco, Md.; Camp 52, Powelsville Md.; and Camp 49, Philadelphia (Pa.) State Hospital. He registered as a Baptist conscientious objector but became a Quaker after his marriage to C. Jayne Tuttle in 1943. Jayne Tuttle Wilhelm was a native of Helena, Montana, who went to New York in 1940, where she met Paul Wilhelm. She also became a Quaker, having been raised as an Episcopalian. These papers illuminate the experiences of a Civilian Public Service participant and his female counterpart. Paul Wilhelm later became an architect; Jayne Wilhelm was an artist and art teacher in public and private schools.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of Jayne and Paul Wilhelm.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Collected Document Groups, U.S.

Williams, Waldo, 1904-1971.
Collected Papers of Waldo Williams, 1961-2008.
1 linear in.

Waldo Williams (1904-1971) was aWelsh poet and nationalist, a pacifist and war resister, and a conscientious objector to World War II. He became a Quaker in 1953, and was a war-tax resister from 1950 through 1963, for which he was imprisoned. Born in Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, Wales, graduated from University College of Wales, later trained as a teacher, and taught at schools in Wales and England. His poetry was inspired by the Welsh landscape, people and their communal life.

The collection includes biographical information, Williams's 1942 statement of conscientious objection to a Welsh tribunal, his writings, and the writings of others about him or his poetry. Photographs of Williams's memorial stone were removed to the Photograph Collection. All but a few items are photocopies of originals. A compact disc of readings of Williams's poems, a compact disc "Glesni's Notebook for Waldo" and two DVDs, were removed to the Audiovisual Collection. Books written by and about Waldo Williams were removed to the Book Collection.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of Waldo Williams.

CONNECT TO FINDING AID
LOCATION: Peace Collection Collected Document Groups, Great Britain.

Williamson, Lawrence H. (Lawrence Hezekia), 1893-1963
Papers on Conscientious Objection, 1917-1918
5 folders

Lawrence H. Williamson was an Indiana Quaker and conscientious objector during World War I. He was a member of Knightstown Monthly Meeting, the son of Amos and Nettie F. Williamson.

Collection contains letters written by Lawrence Williamson to his family while at Camp Zachary Taylor in Lexington, Kentucky, and other related papers including the transcript of his court martial in 1918.

LOCATION: Friends Historical Library Archives, SC/196

Willoughby, George, b. 1914
Collection, 1940-1959, 1958-1959.
2.5 linear in.

George Willoughby; Quaker peace activist; World War II conscientious objector; worked for eight years with the Iowa regional American Friends Service Committee; demonstrated at Fort Gulick in the Canal Zone (pictured at right); served as an official with the Fellowship of Reconciliation; in 1958, he took part in the voyages of the Phoenix and Golden Rule, yachts which disrupted atomic testing in the Pacific Ocean. He and his wife, Lillian Willoughby, traveled to

India

in peace action projects, and to the former Soviet Union, Europe and Central America. He was a founder of A Quaker Action Group.

The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is not the official repository for the papers of this individual.

Wilmington Monthly Meeting of Friends. Peace Committee
Minutes, 1942-1962.
2 v. ; 29 cm. or smaller.

Alexander C. Wilson and Edith J. Wilson were a British Quakers. A resident of Manchester, Alexander Wilson worked to support and free imprisoned conscientious objectors during and after World War I. His wife, Edith J. Wilson, was an author of works about Quakerism and conscientious objection.

Edith J. Wilson was the assistant Clerk of London Yearly Meeting, 1915-1921.

Collection consists primarily of correspondence from imprisoned British conscientious objectors (1916-1919); also includes leaflets, pamphlets and typescript material about conscientious objection and efforts to free the imprisoned objectors; one folder of examples of British World War I propaganda collected by Alexander Wilson Collection includes one folder of printed material of writings by Edith J. Wilson

Wilson, E. Raymond (Edward Raymond), 1896-1987
SCPC: Papers, 1914-1987.
35.25 linear ft.

E. Raymond Wilson; Quaker peace lobbyist; helped found the Friends Committee on National Legislation in 1943 and served as its Executive Secretary until 1962. He also helped organize the Committee on Militarism in Education in 1925. From 1931 to 1943, he served as Field and Education Secretary of the Peace Section of the American Friends Service Committee. He was the author of two books, Uphill for Peace: Quaker Impact on Congress (1975) and an autobiography, Thus Far On My Journey (1976). He was married to Miriam Davidson.

The papers of E. Raymond Wilson contain personal and professional correspondence, biographical material, writings including drafts for two books, notes on travel, program of meetings and conferences he attended, a subject file, photographs, scrapbooks, sound tapes, and memorabilia. The papers of his wife Miriam Davidson Wilson (1899-1965) are also in this collection. Correspondents include Horace Alexander, Brent Dow Allinson, Iwao Fred Ayusawa, Roswell P. Barnes, Francis G. Brown, Dorothy Detzer, Harrop A. Freeman, Jeanette Hadley, Ray Newton, James M. Read, Esther B. Rhoads, John Nevin Sayre, Edward F. Snyder, Guy W. Solt, Annalee Stewart, Wilbur K. Thomas, Helen F. Topping, and Walter C. Woodward.

Organized in ten series. Important series are: A. Correspondence; B. Books, journals, occasional papers, manuscripts; D. Meetings, conferences, itineraries; I. Tapes of speeches, conference summaries, etc. Correspondence is in alphabetical order. Series D and I are in chronological order.

FHL: Papers concerning Five Years' Meeting
1 folder, 1935-1940

This collection includes papers of E. Raymond Wilson concerning the 1935 Five Years Meeting, and in particular the development of a statement of the peace testimony. Also included is information on a peace training camp at Quaker Hill, NY, in 1940

LOCATION: Friends Historical Library Archives, SC/148

Theodora Wilson; Convinced British Quaker of Quaker ancestry; author; teacher; interested in worker’s rights; became a Labour pacifist during World War I, dedicated to the cause of peace.

LOCATION: Peace Collection: Collected Document Groups: International. Great Britain

Includes correspondence, flyers, manuscripts, card file, memorabilia, newspaper clippings, periodicals, writings, reference files, audiocassettes, slides, computer diskettes, photographs, and posters, primarily about Wiser's peace and antinuclear activities; includes information about the United Nations Conference on Women and about the Feminist International for Peace and Food, which organized the Peace Tent, held in Nairobi, Kenya in 1985 and Women's Peace Caravans which traveled throughout several countries.

Wood, M. S. (Mary Sutton), 1805-1894
Wood Family Papers, 1784-1874.
1 box ; .5 linear ft.

Samuel Wood (1760-1844) of New York City was a convinced Friend. In 1822, he and his son, William Wood (1797-1877), established a printing house. In 1835 William Wood was married to Mary S. Underhill (1805-1894). William and Mary Wood were active in Quaker concerns, and he served as clerk of New York Yearly Meeting for twenty years. Mary Sutton (Underhill) Wood was an author and poet.

Contains papers from a Quaker family active in 19th century New York City Friends affairs, compiled by M. S. (Mary Sutton) Wood. Included are business correspondence concerning the printing house founded by Samuel Wood and his sons, correspondence from prominent Quakers concerning work for social causes including abolition, freedmen, prisoners, First Day schools, and peace. Also included is a scrapbook of genealogical material, writings, and reminiscences by Mary S. Wood. It includes her reminiscences about life in New York City as a Friend active in such concerns as abolition, First Day Schools, and prison visitation. The collection includes letters from Elihu Burritt, Angelina Grimké, and others.

Dorothea Woods; born in Rochester, New York; Quaker; received a Ph.D. from Univ. of Illinois in 1957 in French language; joined World YWCA in 1957, worked for ten years in development of youth and adult education programs; pioneer in work in the 1970s on child soldiers; affiliated with the Quaker United Nations Office (QUNO) in Geneva, Switzerland; researched and wrote extensively; wrote monthly child soldier updates which the QUNO distributed to individuals and organizations; died in Wolcott, New York.

Papers include correspondence, pamphlets, periodicals and other notes and research materials by Woods, primarily on child soldiers, also on youth and volunteerism; also includes reference materials and five photographs.

Located in Hiroshima, Japan; begun in August, 1965 by Barbara Reynolds; goals include building peace, avoiding future use of nuclear arms, and helping A-bomb survivors; welcomes newcomers to Japan; sponsors peace discussion meetings; exchanges peace ambassadors with other countries; initiates various activities and events is support of the United Nations and the goal of world peace; cultivates relationships with Korean A-bomb survivors living in Korea; supported Vietnamese victims of war.

E. Robert Yarnall and his wife, Elizabeth Biddle Yarnall, were Quakers, active in the American Friends Service Committee relief efforts. They worked with the Quaker center in Vienna, Austria, during the summer of 1938 to help in the emigration of German and Austrian Jews.

The collection contains correspondence concerning their work with refugees and letters from refugees asking for assistance, especially the musician and composers Karl Weigl and his wife, Vally, who emigrated in October 1938. Also includes several essays by Elizabeth Yarnall on her Vienna experience and letters from Dorothy Canfield Fisher in her efforts to create an American children's relief organization for German children. The material conveys the difficulties in Jewish emigration in the years just preceding the war.

Young, Mildred Binns, b. 1901
Letters from Mildred Binns Young, 1936-1941.
3 folders.

Mildred B. Young was a birthright Quaker born and raised in Ohio. She and her husband Wilmer J. Young established the Delta Cooperative Farm in 1936 in Rockdale, Mississippi, under the care of American Friends Service Committee. Throughout this time Mildred Young corresponded with Wendell Clepper, a convinced Quaker social worker and close friend.

This collection includes letters from Mildred Binns Young to W. Wendall Clepper. These letters relate to personal and family news, as well as news of the progress and concerns of the Delta Cooperative Farm, on which she was working at the time.

Wilmer J. Young; Quaker; teacher; was drafted during World War I, spent three years in France and Poland doing relief and reconstruction work with the American Friends Service Committee as a conscientious objector; lived in Mississippi and North Carolina from 1940 to 1955 working with share croppers and tenant farmers to help them become independent; taught at Pendle Hill; organized the 1961 San Francisco to Moscow March for Peace with A.J. Muste; repeatedly trespassed on Strategic Air Command headquarters in Omaha Nebraska from 1958 to 1959 to protest nuclear missiles based there, and was arrested many times; participated in the Appeal and Vigil at Fort Detrick; active in the Arch Street Meeting (Philadelphia) and the American Friends Service Committee until the end of his life, at age 95.

Organized a letter writing and public information campaign called “Mobilize for Peace” for September 12, 1924, which was the Department of War’s “Defense Test Day.”

Young Friends of North America. Committee on Conscription
Records, 1968-1971.
1.75 linear ft.

The Young Friends of North America, an open fellowship of Friends between the ages of 18 and 30, established a Committee on Conscription in the fall of 1968 to facilitate communication among Friends who were involved with draft resistance; collected information from members of the Society of Friends who had refused to cooperate with conscription since the 1940s as well as Friends who were currently imprisoned for draft resistance.

Questionnaires and accompanying statements on the draft and on the concept of sanctuary made by various monthly and yearly meetings of the Society of Friends, epistles, and declarations; together with a small quantity of correspondence addressed to Peter M. Blood, chairman of the committee, and information on draft resistance among members of other denominations, notably Church of the Brethren and the Mennonites.

Young People's Peace Conference (1933 : New York, N.Y.)
Young People's Peace Conference transcript, 1933.
1 folder.

Responding to a concern voiced by New York Quaker Henry L. Messner, a Young People's Peace Conference was sponsored by the Joint Peace Committee of New York Quakers and held at the Fifteenth Street Meeting in February 1933. 429 delegates were registered, representing Friends meetings and other organizations.

Contains the transcript of the Young People's Peace Conference sponsored by the Joint Peace Committee of New York Quakers in 1933. Chief speakers were Frederick J. Libby, Paul Harris, Jr., Edmund B. Chaffee, Alden G. Alley, Sidney E. Goldstein, and Norman Thomas.